Descripción del proyecto
Gasificación de biomasa más eficiente y viable
La gasificación de biomasa es un proceso industrial que emplea calor, vapor y oxígeno para transformar, sin combustión, la biomasa en hidrógeno y otros productos. Esta estrategia prometedora de producción de biocombustibles puede ayudar al sector del transporte a reducir de forma considerable su huella de carbono. El objetivo del proyecto CLARA, financiado con fondos europeos, es mejorar la competitividad económica y tecnológica de la gasificación de biomasa. Para ello, su equipo investigará un método innovador para la gasificación de combustibles sólidos denominado gasificación química en bucle. Este proceso utiliza un portador de oxígeno ciclado entre un combustible y un reactor de aire para proporcionar oxígeno a la conversión parcial de la biomasa. Además, elimina la necesidad de una unidad de separación de aire, lo que ayuda a mejorar el rendimiento total de conversión y la viabilidad de la gasificación de biomasa.
Objetivo
Biomass gasification is one of the most promising routes of biofuels production, which is a key element in reducing GHG emissions of the transport sector. Various process options have been investigated, implemented in different scales and proven to be functional. However, these processes lack economic and technological competitiveness in the current market environment. This issue is addressed by Chemical Looping Gasification (CLG) in this project. The innovative CLG process uses an oxygen carrier that is cycled between a fuel and an air reactor to provide oxygen for partial conversion of the biomass feedstock. One of the benefits of CLG is that high quality syngas with low nitrogen content can be produced without an air separation unit. Avoiding air separation has high potential to improve the overall conversion efficiency and the economic feasibility of biomass gasification. The aim of this project is to further develop CLG, which has by now only been investigated in lab-scale up to 25 kWth feedstock input, using a broad range of pilot plants up to a size of 1 MWth. Furthermore, concepts for pre-treatment of biogenic residues are developed to enable their use for CLG, and an innovative syngas cleaning concept is established for reduction of capital costs. The full process chain including biomass pre-treatment, gasification, syngas treatment, Fischer-Tropsch (FT) synthesis, and FT-wax hydrocracking is demonstrated for production of next generation sustainable liquid biofuels. The process is scaled up to industrial size using adequate models that have been validated at pilot scale. The risks of the technology are assessed considering economic, health, safety and social issues and possibilities for risk mitigation are suggested. A techno-economic assessment of the biomass-to-end–use chain is performed. Environmental impact is examined by life cycle analysis. The results are disseminated by a broad range of measures and exploitation plans are established.
Ámbito científico
Palabras clave
Programa(s)
Convocatoria de propuestas
Consulte otros proyectos de esta convocatoriaConvocatoria de subcontratación
H2020-LC-SC3-2018-RES-SingleStage
Régimen de financiación
RIA - Research and Innovation actionCoordinador
64289 Darmstadt
Alemania