Description du projet
Les réseaux neuronaux pourraient bientôt tourner sur du matériel quantique
Les réseaux neuronaux artificiels, qui simulent la manière dont le cerveau humain analyse et traite l’information, permettent de modéliser des schémas et des problèmes prédictifs complexes. Cette approche implique généralement le développement de logiciels plutôt que la conception de matériel capable de reproduire les neurones. Le projet Quromorphic, financé par l’UE, prévoit de mettre en œuvre le calcul neuromorphique au niveau matériel. Il vise à concevoir le premier ordinateur à réseau neuronal dédié fonctionnant selon les principes de la mécanique quantique. Cette machine sera mise dans un matériel issu de circuits électriques superconducteurs. Le matériel neuromorphique quantique est susceptible de présenter des performances supérieures à celles des architectures Von Neumann classiques, dans la mesure où il peut être entraîné simultanément à partir de plusieurs lots de données réelles.
Objectif
The Quromorphic project will introduce human brain inspired hardware with quantum functionalities: It will build superconducting quantum neural networks to develop dedicated, neuromorphic quantum machine learning hardware, which can, in its next generation, outperform classical von Neumann architectures. This breakthrough will combine two cutting edge developments in information processing, machine learning and quantum computing, into a radically new technology. In contrast to established machine learning approaches that emulate neural function in software on conventional von Neumann hardware, neuromorphic quantum hardware can offer a significant advantage as it can b e trained on multiple batches of real world data in parallel. This feature is expected to lead to a quantum advantage. Moreover, our approach of implementing neuromorphic quantum hardware is very promising since there exist indications that a quantum advantage in machine learning can already be achieved with moderate fault tolerance. In a longer term perspective neuromorphic hardware architectures will become extremely important in both, classical and quantum computing, particularly for distributed and embedded computing tasks, where the vast scaling of existing architectures does not provide a long-term solution. Quromorphic aims to provide proof of concept demonstrations of this new technology and a roadmap for the path towards its exploitation. To achieve this breakthrough, we will implement two classes of quantum neural networks that have immediate applications in quantum machine learning, feed forward networks and non-equilibrium quantum annealers. This effort will be completed by the development of strategies for scaling the devices to the threshold where they will surpass the capabilities of existing machine learning technology and achieve quantum advantage. In preparation for future exploitation of this new technology, we will run simulations to explore its application to real world problems.
Champ scientifique
- natural sciencescomputer and information sciencessoftware
- engineering and technologyelectrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineeringelectronic engineeringcomputer hardwarequantum computers
- natural sciencescomputer and information sciencesartificial intelligencemachine learning
- natural sciencescomputer and information sciencesdata sciencedata processing
- natural sciencescomputer and information sciencesartificial intelligencecomputational intelligence
Programme(s)
Régime de financement
RIA - Research and Innovation actionCoordinateur
91054 Erlangen
Allemagne