Description du projet
Verrouiller le mécanisme d’hyperaccumulation des métaux dans les plantes
Les hyperaccumulateurs sont des plantes hors du commun. Leur capacité à accumuler des quantités beaucoup plus importantes de métaux lourds dans leurs feuilles que les plantes normales les rend très utiles pour nettoyer les sols contaminés. Le mécanisme exact par lequel la plante facilite l’hyperaccumulation reste un mystère. Est-il uniquement lié à des mécanismes génétiques ou est-il le résultat d’une adaptation environnementale au fil du temps? Le projet DyCLE, financé par l’UE, étudiera l’accumulation de cadmium dans les populations d’Arabidopsis halleri. Cette espèce présente la plus grande variation intrapopulation de ce caractère. Les résultats de l’étude aideront à identifier quelles sont les meilleures méthodes d’utilisation des hyperaccumulateurs pour nettoyer les sols contaminés par des métaux dangereux pour l’agriculture.
Objectif
Metal hyperaccumulator plants accumulate extraordinarily high concentrations of toxic metals in their leaves. The large within-population variation in the extent of hyperaccumulation of some metals in the field remains unexplained. Is this an acclimation, and to which environmental factor? Or is it a result of evolutionary adaptation, and what selects for it? To answer these questions, the applicant will employ results from a large field survey of Arabidopsis halleri, a model species capable of hyperaccumulating cadmium (Cd), published by the host group. The researcher will monitor dynamics of leaf Cd accumulation in the A. halleri populations exhibiting the largest intra-population variation in this trait in the field. In individuals contrasting for the degree of Cd accumulation, the researcher will quantify the response to herbivore attack, as well as the genetic contribution for leaf Cd accumulation. High-quality research in the host laboratory (Ruhr University Bochum, DE) and knowledge on soil-plant-insect interaction will enhance EU scientific excellence. The researcher will engage in collaboration with a secondment (Bielefeld University, DE) for scientific exchange and the synergic transfer of high-quality complementary scientific and methodological expertise, thus strengthening EU internationally leading position in toxic metal ecology. Expected results will enable best protocols for plant-based clean-up (phytoremediation) of metal-contaminated soils that are unsafe for agriculture and a significant issue in the EU. This project will delineate the inter-disciplinary independent career of the researcher, enhance his knowledge and provide personalised training in state-of-the-art research methodology. He will participate in management and group meetings and train students for skills and knowledge transfer. Scientific publications for experts, as well as seminars, articles, a web video and social e-media for the public will efficiently disseminate the results.
Champ scientifique
Programme(s)
Régime de financement
MSCA-IF-EF-ST - Standard EFCoordinateur
44801 Bochum
Allemagne