Description du projet
Substituer les antibiotiques chez les animaux destinés à la consommation
Les antimicrobiens tels que les antibiotiques sont utilisés pour tuer ou inhiber la croissance de micro-organismes en médecine vétérinaire et humaine. Par exemple, les agriculteurs ajoutent des antibiotiques aux aliments pour animaux, accélérant ainsi leur croissance et évitant qu’ils ne tombent malades. Toutefois, l’utilisation excessive d’antibiotiques dans l’élevage et l’agriculture constitue une menace croissante pour la santé humaine. Le projet AVANT, financé par l’UE, met au point des alternatives aux antimicrobiens pour la gestion d’infections bactériennes chez les cochons. Parmi ces solutions, nous trouvons une intervention pour stabiliser les intestins fondée sur des produits symbiotiques et la transplantation de microbiote fécal, des additifs pour l’alimentation animale et des stratégies alternatives d’alimentation ciblant les truies et les porcelets. Si ces pratiques alternatives sont adoptées par l’industrie de la production porcine, des outils de modélisation mathématique seront utilisés pour calculer la réduction de l’utilisation d’antimicrobiens d’ici 2030.
Objectif
Antimicrobial resistance in livestock is a public health threat due to the risk of zoonotic transmission to humans and its negative consequences on animal health and welfare when diseases cannot be treated. AVANT is a multi-actor inter-sectorial project aimed at developing alternatives to antimicrobials for the management of bacterial infections in pigs, especially diarrhoea during the weaning period, as the major indication for antimicrobial use in livestock in Europe. Antimicrobial treatment options for pigs are increasingly limited because of planned restrictions in the use of colistin and zinc, two current choices for treatment of post-weaning diarrhoea. The AVANT portfolio comprises a variety of alternatives for treatment or prevention of diarrhoea and/or respiratory infections, namely (i) gut-stabilizing interventions based on a symbiotic (pre- and probiotic) product and faecal microbiota transplantation; (ii) novel veterinary medicinal products containing bacteriophages and polymers for targeted treatment of enterotoxigenic E.coli infections; (iii) immuno-stimulating injectable and feed additive products, and (iv) alternative feeding strategies targeting sows and piglets. During pre-clinical studies, efficacy, toxicity, and mode of action of these interventions is tested, and their dosage and formulation optimized. The results and a survey for veterinarian-, farmer- and consumers perception of antimicrobial alternatives, will be used together with legal and economic considerations to select three interventions for large-scale farm trials, assessing clinical efficacy and impact on antimicrobial use. All steps are supported by regulatory advice for quick market entry post-project. Generated and existing data on antimicrobial use, pig demographics and projected consumption of pork, will be used in mathematical modelling to estimate the reduction in antimicrobial use that could be achieved by 2030 if the AVANT alternatives were widely adopted in pig production.
Champ scientifique
- medical and health scienceshealth sciencespublic healthepidemiologyepidemics prevention
- medical and health sciencesbasic medicinepharmacology and pharmacypharmaceutical drugs
- agricultural sciencesanimal and dairy sciencedomestic animalsanimal husbandry
- medical and health scienceshealth sciencespublic healthepidemiologyzoonosis
- medical and health sciencesbasic medicinepharmacology and pharmacydrug resistanceantibiotic resistance
Mots‑clés
Programme(s)
Régime de financement
IA - Innovation actionCoordinateur
1165 Kobenhavn
Danemark