The pace of WP3 is effectively dictated by the rhythms of the technical work packages – as these have been, to some extent, slowed by the impact of COVID-19. With the 6 months extension WP3 synthesised the WP4 outputs aiming to reduce uncertainties associated with measurements undertaken for engine certification measurements, including calibration uncertainties for regulatory purposes. These project outputs will aid the regulators in the maintenance, and updating where relevant, of the ICAO-CAEP Annex 16 Volume II and ETM Volume II guidance: Standards and Recommended Practices (Annex 16 Vol II, Part III, Chapter 4 and associated Appendices). The outcomes of RAPTOR will continue to be disseminated to ICAO-CAEP_WG3 and SAE E31 in the early months of the CAEP/13 cycle starting in March 2022.
Main gateway for accessing information and data associated with the RAPTOR program is the project website and ZENODO folders.
WP4, PM measurement was undertaken with three principal aims: understand uncertainty in current CAEP10/11 nvPM regulatory practices (D4.1); investigate the requirement of potential corrections to be considered towards reduced uncertainty during CAEP/12 (D4.2); Assess likely benefits future technologies and further regulation will offer in terms of reducing the impact of nvPM beyond CAEP/12. Limited appraisal of existing data from currently unregulated engines has been undertaken by ZHAW with this data being combined into the dataset. Aero-engine relevant RQL (rich-burn Quick-quench Lean-burn) combustor rig testing was performed at Cardiff University’s Gas Turbine Research Centre (GTRC) in December 2020 / February 2021 (M4.1 RQL Combustor Rig Test 1) and December 2021 (M4.3 RQL Combustor Rig Test 2).
Under WP5, A literature survey has been undertaken regarding emissions and modelling of PM at the various scales (airport scale, national scale, continental scale and global scale) to identify the current state of knowledge as well as the gaps that still exist.
Under WP6; Working towards a turbine emission database, first, a literature survey on physicochemical characterization was conducted. A comprehensive search string was applied in Scopus and a library containing approximately 100 research papers was compiled and a literature database was created, which gives an overview on the sampling details such as engine type, used fuel, power settings and types of physicochemical analysis. From this library, 27 research papers contained extensive data on chemical analysis of turbine emissions, and these papers were subsequently examined for input for the turbine emissions database. It is important to note that only a select number of research papers were suitable for input, as only a select number of research papers contained numerical data.
