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CORDIS

Prioritisation and Risk Evaluation of Medicines in the EnviRonment

CORDIS provides links to public deliverables and publications of HORIZON projects.

Links to deliverables and publications from FP7 projects, as well as links to some specific result types such as dataset and software, are dynamically retrieved from OpenAIRE .

Deliverables

Ecodrug II : Advanced database for orthologue predictions and taxa read-across for APIs and their key metabolites (D2.2.1) (opens in new window)

The existing ECOdrug web-based tool will be integrated with the IDAAPM database and updated to include drug target and off-target predictions, including for newly sequenced taxa. Initial predictions (M12) will help inform API prioritisation in WP1.2, subsequent predictions will be used in the iterative assessment in WP1.2. Target interactions will be confirmed for selected APIs using in silico docking and cloned targets available for zebrafish.

Inventory of APIs on the European market together with important ecotox, phys/chem and consumption data (D1.1.1) (opens in new window)

All known APIs in use in Europe have been entered into the PREMIER database in collaboration with WP3.1. Additionally, data on name(s), CAS-No, IUPAC International Chemical Identifier (InChI), ATC classification, therapeutic plasma concentration, defined daily doses, usage, therapeutic MoA, physico-chemical properties and ecotoxicity, as far as available at this point in time, have been added to the PREMIER database.

PREMIER ERA database architecture agreed and established (D3.1.1) (opens in new window)

An initial structure of the database will be agreed between partners to capture APIs authorised for use in Europe and facilitate the upload of existing environmental data.

Integration of existing GLP study data from industry partners and EPAR data (D3.1.3) (opens in new window)

Existing GLP study data from industry partners and EPAR data from the EMA website will be uploaded using agreed templates and used to populate the PREMIER database. The templates will be designed specifically for each study so that they enable summary reports to be generated that meet the need of the wider stakeholder community.

QSBRS and read-across approaches for estimating biodegradation rate and pathway in sludge and soils (D2.1.3) (opens in new window)

Report describing the publicly available model (implemented in envipath.org framework) to predict half-lives and transformation pathways of pharmaceuticals in activated sludge and soil based on chemical structure.

API prioritisation and selection for iterative assessment (D1.2.1) (opens in new window)

This report describes the selection process of approximately 15 APIs that will be tested in WP1.3 because of a lack of data to conclude on the potential for environmental risk. This includes a description of the original API list considered, the decision tree(s) used for prioritisation, the prioritisation results, the criteria used for API selection, and the ultimate results of the selection process.

Determine bioavailability, metabolism and biological effects of MPA in fish (D2.2.5) (opens in new window)

Uptake will be measured using rainbow trout gill cell assay; bioavailability will be quantified via blood plasma protein binding measurements in trout and fathead minnow; metabolism will be measured using trout hepatocyte assay; developmental toxicity will be measured using the ZEDTA assay; immunotoxicity will be measured using transgenic zebrafish to track B and T cells, neutrophils and macrophages.

Report on stakeholder questions and requirements and work plan for further guidance development (D4.1.1) (opens in new window)

Report on the stakeholder questions and requirements, as identified during interviews and web-based questionnaire, the results of the workshop, the identified possible guidance products and the work plan for further guidance development.

A report describing the feasibility of greener drug design (D4.2.4) (opens in new window)

Consensus document that determines whether greener drug design is feasible and how it can be realised if the potential exists.

Spatial modelling framework for APIs in surface waters, sediments, soils and biota across Europe (D2.1.5) (opens in new window)

An updated version of the ePiE model covering all relevant European river basins and accounting for spatial variations in relevant physico-chemical characteristics of catchments across Europe. The updated version will include removal estimates for advanced wastewater treatment technologies, predictions based on monthly flow data, simple food chain exposure models to predict accumulation in wildlife and predictions for the sediment and terrestrial compartments based on scenarios for sludge application and irrigation.

Report summarising drug discovery and development process and key attributes of tools/models (D4.2.1) (opens in new window)

Report highlighting a clear understanding where environmental hazard and risk are currently considered in the drug development process and where future potential exists for earlier integration of these considerations together with the attributes required for environmental screening tools/ models.

Application of physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model for fish to selected APIs (D2.2.3) (opens in new window)

Report describing the application of the PBPK model for fish to selected APIs, including the APIs selected for in vivo testing in WP1.3 and for measuring blood partitioning in WP2.4. Model predictions are compared with predictions of the FPM and, where available, with in vivo data. Differences are explored to formulate recommendations for improving the fish plasma model (FPM).

Intermediate report on Data Management (opens in new window)
Apply OECD319b to determine the in vitro hepatic clearance of all 25 case study compounds for prediction of their in vivo clearance in fish (D2.3.5). (opens in new window)

The work centering around validation of the OECD319b for prediction of APIs clearance in fish in vivo will be extended to cover the 25 case study compounds prioritized in WP1.

Evaluation of fish gill uptake and hepatic clearance for 10-20 APIs, including feasibility of the OECD 319b test or organ-chips for prediction of in vivo hepatic clearance of APIs in fish (D2.3.1) (opens in new window)

Assessment of the API uptake (bioavailability) and clearance of selected APIs in a primary 3D rainbow trout gill cell culture assay system and an analyses on the hepatic clearance of selected APIs through the use of (i) a primary 3D rainbow trout liver cell culture assay and (ii) a rainbow trout subcellular S9 fraction.

List of approximately 10 APIs selected for MoA-driven testing in WP1.3 (D1.1.2) (opens in new window)

This report describes the selection process of approximately 10 APIs that will be tested in WP1.3 because of a lack of ecotoxicity data on their specific Mode of Action. This includes a description of how the universe of APIs was compiled, the decision tree(s), the prioritisation results, the criteria used for API selection and the final results.

Mechanistic understanding on the potential for targeted pharmacological responses to mediate chronic effect outcomes from the application of transgenic zebrafish models (D2.3.3) (opens in new window)

Physiological/functional outcomes for selected APIs with specific pharmacological target activation prioritised in WP2.2 will be investigated using transgenic reporter zebrafish. The resulting data will be made available for use in the iterative assessment in WP1.2.

Project communication plan and initial toolset (opens in new window)

A plan for dissemination that includes the communication objectives, target audiences, activities to be carried out and tools that will support their implementation, with connections among these components. It will also include an initial set of communication materials.

Initial Data and Knowledge Management plan (D3.3.2) (opens in new window)

Outline for the PREMIER data and knowledge management policy.

Guidance for first set of selected stakeholder questions and requirements (D4.1.2) (opens in new window)

A first guidance document based on the main priorities identified in D4.1.1.

Machine-learning based models for estimating sorption in sludge, sediment, soil and sorbents used in treatment (D2.1.2) (opens in new window)

Report describing the generalized model for estimating sorption behaviour in sludge, soil, sediment and sorbents used in treatment processes.

QSAR and read-across approaches for estimating off-target effects of APIs on aquatic and terrestrial organisms (D2.2.2) (opens in new window)

A range of read-across tools within VEGAHUB will be trained using existing data for APIs and analogue chemicals (e.g. pesticides) and integrated using a weight-of-evidence (WoE) strategy to predict ecotoxicological effects based on chemical structure and/or activity (within a specified domain of applicability). Initial predictions (M12) will help inform API prioritisation in WP1.2, subsequent predictions will be used in the iterative assessment in WP1.2.

Evaluation of the risk for bio-accumulation of APIs in fish via irreversible inhibition of hepatic CYPs (D2.3.2) (opens in new window)

The ability of selected APIs to irreversibly inhibit CYP enzyme activity will be quantified (IC50 shift) using rainbow trout RT-S9 and well-plate technologies.

Summary report describing fundamental drug design principles and their environmental significance (D4.2.2) (opens in new window)

onsensus document that describes industry-wide principles used to design safe and efficacious medicines.

Evaluation of interspecies variation in 3D spheroid formation and API clearance between commercially available primary hepatocytes (D2.3.4) (opens in new window)

Report showing the evaluation of interspecies variation in 3D spheroid formation and API clearance between commercially available primary hepatocytes

Publications

GREENER Pharmaceuticals for More Sustainable Healthcare (opens in new window)

Author(s): Caroline T. A. Moermond, Neele Puhlmann, A. Ross Brown, Stewart F. Owen, Jim Ryan, Jason Snape, Bastiaan J. Venhuis, and Klaus Kümmerer
Published in: Environmental Science and Technology Letters, Issue 23288930, 2022, ISSN 2328-8930
Publisher: ACS (American Chemical Society) Publications
DOI: 10.1021/acs.estlett.2c00446

Defining the data gap: what do we know about environmental exposure, hazards and risks of pharmaceuticals in the European aquatic environment? (opens in new window)

Author(s): F.D. Spilsbury, P.A. Inostroza, P. Svedberg, C. Cannata, A.M.J. Ragas, T. Backhaus
Published in: Water Research, 2023, Page(s) 121002, ISSN 0043-1354
Publisher: Elsevier BV
DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2023.121002

Systematic Handling of Environmental Fate Data for Model Development─Illustrated for the Case of Biodegradation Half-Life Data (opens in new window)

Author(s): Jasmin Hafner, Kathrin Fenner, and Andreas Scheidegger
Published in: Environmental Science & Technology Letters, 2023, ISSN 0000-0000
Publisher: Environmental Science & Technology Letters
DOI: 10.1021/acs.estlett.3c00526

Many human pharmaceuticals are weak inhibitors of the cytochrome P450 system in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) liver S9 fractions (opens in new window)

Author(s): Tea Pihlaja, Timo Oksanen, Netta Vinkvist, Tiina Sikanen
Published in: Frontiers in Toxicology, Issue 6, 2024, ISSN 2673-3080
Publisher: Frontiers in Toxicology
DOI: 10.3389/ftox.2024.1406942

Prioritisation of data-poor pharmaceuticals for empirical testing and environmental risk assessment (opens in new window)

Author(s): Cristiana Cannata, Thomas Backhaus, Irene Bramke, Maria Caraman, Anna Lombardo, Rhys Whomsley, Caroline T.A. Moermond, Ad M.J. Ragas
Published in: Environment International, Issue 183, 2024, Page(s) 108379, ISSN 0160-4120
Publisher: Pergamon Press Ltd.
DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2023.108379

Combining predictive and analytical methods to elucidate pharmaceutical biotransformation in activated sludge (opens in new window)

Author(s): Leo Trostel, Claudia Coll, Kathrin Fenner, and Jasmin Hafner
Published in: Environmental Science: Processes & Impacts, 2023, ISSN 0000-0000
Publisher: Environmental Science: Processes & Impacts
DOI: 10.1039/d3em00161j

Advancing technical understanding of the double-seeded gill cell culture system for drug uptake studies in fish (opens in new window)

Author(s): Aya Takesono, Maciej Trznadel, Francesca Molinari, Chrisna Matthee, Anke Lange, Stewart F Owen, Charles R Tyler
Published in: Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, Issue 44, 2025, Page(s) 3024-3036, ISSN 0730-7268
Publisher: Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry
DOI: 10.1093/etojnl/vgaf153

Design of greener drugs: aligning parameters in pharmaceutical R&D and drivers for environmental impact (opens in new window)

Author(s): Rodrigo Vidaurre, Irene Bramke, Neele Puhlmann, Stewart F. Owen, Daniela Angst, Caroline Moermond, Bastiaan Venhuis, Anna Lombardo, Klaus Kümmerer, Tiina Sikanen, Jim Ryan, Andreas Häner, Gemma Janer, Silvio Roggo, Alison Nimrod Perkins
Published in: Drug Discovery Today, Issue 29, 2024, Page(s) 104022, ISSN 1359-6446
Publisher: Elsevier BV
DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2024.104022

Critical insights into the potential risks of antipsychotic drugs to fish, including through effects on behaviour (opens in new window)

Author(s): Gabrielle Wasser‐Bennett, A. Ross Brown, Samuel K. Maynard, Stewart F. Owen, Charles R. Tyler
Published in: Biological Reviews, Issue 100, 2025, Page(s) 1994-2019, ISSN 1464-7931
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
DOI: 10.1111/brv.70031

Minimizing Experimental Testing on Fish for Legacy Pharmaceuticals (opens in new window)

Author(s): Anja Coors, A. Ross Brown, Samual K Maynard, Alison Nimrod Perkins, Stewart Owen, Charles R Tyler
Published in: ACS publications, 2023, ISSN 0000-0000
Publisher: American Chemical Society
DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c07222

Designing greener active pharmaceutical ingredients: Insights from pharmaceutical industry into drug discovery and development (opens in new window)

Author(s): Neele Puhlmann, Rodrigo Vidaurre, Klaus Kümmerer
Published in: European Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Issue Volume 192, 1 January 2024, 106614, 2023, ISSN 0928-0987
Publisher: Elsevier BV
DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2023.106614

A database on pharmaceuticals in the environment: What do stakeholders need? (opens in new window)

Author(s): Cristiana Cannata, Rodrigo Vidaurre, Ad M.J. Ragas, Caroline T.A. Moermond
Published in: Environmental Science & Policy, Issue 162, 2024, Page(s) 103946, ISSN 1462-9011
Publisher: Elsevier BV
DOI: 10.1016/j.envsci.2024.103946

Read-Across of Biotransformation Potential between Activated Sludge and the Terrestrial Environment: Toward Making It Practical and Plausible (opens in new window)

Author(s): Claudia Coll, Claudio Screpanti, Jasmin Hafner, Kunyang Zhang, Kathrin Fenner
Published in: Environmental Science & Technology, Issue 59, 2025, Page(s) 1790-1800, ISSN 0013-936X
Publisher: American Chemical Society
DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.4c09306

A Generalized Physiologically Based Kinetic Model for Fish for Environmental Risk Assessment of Pharmaceuticals (opens in new window)

Author(s): Jiaqi Wang, Tom M. Nolte, Stewart F. Owen, Rémy Beaudouin, A. Jan Hendriks, and Ad M.J. Ragas
Published in: Environmental Science & Technology, Issue 0013936X, 2022, ISSN 0013-936X
Publisher: American Chemical Society
DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c08068

Metabolic clearance of physicochemically diverse pharmaceuticals in cultured fish hepatocytes (opens in new window)

Author(s): Chrisna Matthee, A Ross Brown, Anke Lange, Maciej Trznadel, Charles R Tyler
Published in: Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, 2025, ISSN 0730-7268
Publisher: Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry
DOI: 10.1093/etojnl/vgaf193

The VERA software: Implementation of the acute fish toxicity endpoint and its application to pharmaceutical compounds (opens in new window)

Author(s): Erika Colombo, Edoardo Luca Viganò, Giuseppa Raitano, Anna Lombardo, Alberto Manganaro, Alessio Sommovigo, Emilio Benfenati
Published in: Chemosphere, Issue 358, 2024, Page(s) 142232, ISSN 0045-6535
Publisher: Pergamon Press Ltd.
DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142232

Factors Determining the Susceptibility of Fish to Effects of Human Pharmaceuticals (opens in new window)

Author(s): Chrisna Matthee, Andrew Ross Brown, Anke Lange, and Charles R. Tyler
Published in: Environmental Science & Technology, 2023
Publisher: ACS Publications
DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c09576

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