Characterization of the role of netrin-1 in the regulation of the Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition during tumor progression.

Descripción del proyecto

Análisis minucioso de características distintivas del cáncer para tratamientos

La transición epitelial mesenquimal (TEM) es un proceso en el que las células epiteliales se transforman en células mesenquimales, de forma que adquieren la capacidad de separarse del tejido original y migrar a otros lugares. Aparte del desarrollo normal, la TEM está activa en el cáncer e impulsa la disociación de las células tumorales y la metástasis, además de dotar a la células cancerosas de propiedades de las células madre y fármacorresistencia. El proyecto NetriCan, financiado con fondos europeos, investigará cómo una proteína extracelular, conocida por su papel en la migración celular durante el desarrollo, regula la TEM en las células cancerosas. Los resultados del proyecto justificarán el potencial terapéutico de una estrategia que tiene por objeto centrarse en esta proteína y ayudar a desarrollar nuevos métodos terapéuticos prometedores para pacientes con tumores sólidos avanzados.

Objetivo

Recent data coming from both basic research and clinical trials converge toward the importance of the epithelial/mesenchymal status of a tumor to respond to conventional chemotherapies and immune-checkpoint inhibitors. These observations set the Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) program at the centre of cancer biology. Besides its multiple roles in development and during adulthood, EMT is activated during tumor progression not only to allow metastatic dissemination of cancer cells, which is responsible for the vast majority of patients’ death, but also to provide cells with stem-like properties and resistance mechanisms to survive chemotherapy. It is now widely accepted that future therapies will have to target and/or block the EMT process and allow conventional therapies to efficiently kill the differentiated, epithelial cells to treat patients with advanced solid tumors. NetriCan will analyse for the first time the implication of netrin-1 and its dependence receptor UNC5B in the regulation of EMT, either directly or via its cell death-related function. Moreover, the re-epithelialization effect of the anti-netrin-1 monoclonal antibody observed in tumors in vivo and in a preliminary cohort of patients shows that netrin-1/UNC5B may not only be involved in the direct regulation of maintenance of EMT but also serve as a survival mechanism for metastatic tumor cells. To achieve this, Netrican will first analyse how the upregulation of netrin-1 and UNC5B is regulated during EMT. It will then investigate the role of the netrin-1/UNC5B axis in the establishment and maintenance of the EMT program needed for cell dissemination and metastasis. Finally, this project will elucidate the therapeutic potential of the anti-netrin-1 strategy for both triggering primary tumor re-epithelialization and killing mesenchymal tumor cells. In summary, NetriCan will provide innovative findings to develop novel promising therapeutic approach for patients with advanced solid tumors.