Descripción del proyecto
Comprensión de la disminución de la capa de ozono debido a las erupciones volcánicas
La capa de ozono estratosférico absorbe la peligrosa radiación UV, protegiendo así la salud humana y la agricultura. Debido a que incluso unos cambios pequeños pueden provocar daños graves, es importante entender la química que causa la disminución de la capa de ozono. Aunque se acepta que la disminución de la capa de ozono se debe a las emisiones generadas por el ser humano, las erupciones volcánicas también constituyen un aspecto importante, ya que se supone que podrían causar las mayores alteraciones de la capa de ozono en el futuro. El proyecto SOLVE, financiado con fondos europeos, tiene por objeto determinar el impacto de la entrada de halógenos en la estratosfera. El proyecto definirá la cinética de las especies que contienen bromo para entender los mecanismos de las reacciones halógenas aplicando métodos de laboratorio y química cuántica integrados en un modelo químic y climático mundial.
Objetivo
The stratospheric ozone layer absorbs harmful UV irradiation, protecting life on Earth. Only small changes are needed for significant damage to human health and agriculture, making it essential to understand the chemistry behind ozone depletion. Most of the ozone depletion has been caused by man-made emissions of the CFCs and halons, which are now banned through the Montreal Protocol and its amendments. However, due to the long-lived nature of these species, full recovery of the ozone layer is still decades away. In a changing climate, stratospheric composition, temperature and dynamics may be significantly altered, changing the catalytic ozone depletion in the future. Furthermore, new concerns regarding the ozone layer have emerged, with explosive volcanic eruptions possibly causing the largest perturbation to the ozone layer in the future. In this project, I will use different methods to determine the impact of halogen injections into the stratosphere on the ozone layer, determining the kinetics of bromine-containing species using laboratory and quantum chemical methods and incorporating them into a global chemistry and climate model. The first two years, I will be at Harvard, where I will use different atmospheric models to investigate the stratospheric impact of volcanic eruptions for a variety of future climate scenarios. I will also be carrying out experiments using cavity enhanced absorption spectroscopy to determine the kinetics of an atmospheric reservoir species for reactive bromine in the atmosphere. In the last year of the project I will be at University of Copenhagen and carry out experiments with a cold matrix setup with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy to investigate the reaction. Throughout the project, I will determine the mechanisms of halogen reactions at the molecular level using quantum chemical calculations. I will introduce the results from the kinetic experiments and quantum calculations into the models as they become available.
Ámbito científico
- natural sciencesearth and related environmental sciencesatmospheric sciences
- natural sciencesearth and related environmental sciencesenvironmental sciencesozone depletion
- natural sciencesphysical sciencesopticsspectroscopyabsorption spectroscopy
- natural scienceschemical sciencesinorganic chemistryhalogens
- agricultural sciencesagriculture, forestry, and fisheriesagriculture
Programa(s)
Régimen de financiación
MSCA-IF - Marie Skłodowska-Curie Individual Fellowships (IF)Coordinador
1165 Kobenhavn
Dinamarca