Description du projet
Comprendre les facteurs et les dynamiques de croissance des arbustes grâce aux anneaux annuels de croissance
Les écosystèmes arctique et alpin sont profondément touchés par le changement climatique. La réponse des arbustes arctiques et alpins au changement climatique varie, et est influencée par plusieurs facteurs. Toutefois, nous connaissons peu de choses concernant les variations de croissance ainsi que les traits anatomiques du bois de ces organismes. Le projet BoRiS, financé par l’UE, s’intéressera aux anneaux annuels de croissance pour comprendre la série de réponses des arbustes individuels, et des communautés de plantes, et pour obtenir des informations concernant les dynamiques futures des arbustes arctiques et alpins. Le projet fournira une quantification rétrospective de la croissance ainsi que des traits anatomiques du bois, estimera leurs réactions aux changements environnementaux, examinera leur potentiel en tant qu’intermédiaires climatologiques, dévoilera les facteurs abiotiques et biotiques qui les influencent, et modélisera les tendances des dynamiques futures des arbustes locaux et régionaux.
Objectif
Climate change is observed and predicted to profoundly affect Arctic and Alpine ecosystems. These ecosystems, at the
border of woody plant growth, change at a faster rate than the global average. Growth responses of Arctic-Alpine shrubs to
climate change are variable and influenced by different factors. A key to understand the plasticity of responses to climate
change is a detailed analysis of growth at the intra-individual to the community level. Currently, we lack knowledge on the
intra-individual, intraspecific, and interspecific variation in growth and wood anatomical traits across environmental gradients.
BoRiS aims at uncovering the information archived in annual rings to gain fundamental new insight on how the responses
scale from individuals to communities. Insight into past dynamics opens a valuable window to the future and provides the
basis for predicting future range dynamics of Arctic-Alpine shrubs. BoRiS provides a retrospective quantification of growth
and wood anatomical traits from Arctic-Alpine shrub species, assesses their variation across environmental conditions, tests
their significance as climatological proxies, disentangles the abiotic and biotic factors influencing growth, and models future
shrub dynamics at the landscape to regional scale. BoRiS is possible due to a unique data set of > 1000 individual shrubs
sampled in Arctic and Alpine areas and an innovative integration of state-of-the art quantitative wood anatomical analyses,
classical dendrochronology, a newly proposed community-based dendroecology framework, range dynamic modelling and
remote sensing observations. It is the first project to combine growth and wood anatomical responses of a large number of
Arctic-Alpine shrubs and to upscale the results from individuals to communities. BoRiS is envisioned to be the first step in the
development of an independent research field linking plant growth dynamics in a community perspective with earth
observations across space.
Champ scientifique
Mots‑clés
Programme(s)
Régime de financement
MSCA-IF - Marie Skłodowska-Curie Individual Fellowships (IF)Coordinateur
8000 Aarhus C
Danemark