Descripción del proyecto
Más información sobre los mecanismos que mejoran el nivel de hielo en las nubes de fase mixta
Las nubes regulan el balance energético de la Tierra y tienen un papel importante en la respuesta del clima a los cambios en los niveles de gases de efecto invernadero. Además, también crean precipitaciones que contribuyen al suministro de agua dulce en nuestro planeta. Sin embargo, las nubes (especialmente las nubes de fase mixta, que están compuestas por agua líquida y hielo) son la principal causa de error en las predicciones de los modelos climáticos y atmosféricos. El estudio de este tipo de nubes es la base del proyecto SIMPHAC, financiado con fondos europeos, cuyo objetivo es comprender mejor los mecanismos encargados de mejorar los niveles de hielo en las nubes, además de parametrizar estos procesos para usarlos en modelos numéricos. Con este fin, los investigadores emplearán modelos de alta resolución, un conjunto único de datos de laboratorio y observaciones «in situ». Este estudio permitirá aumentar la precisión de las predicciones meteorológicas y las proyecciones climáticas.
Objetivo
Clouds may never have had a more important meaning to society as they have today. They regulate the Earth's energy balance and are key drivers of how climate responds to changing greenhouse gas levels. Moreover, they generate precipitation, which has a direct impact on the supply of fresh water on Earth. Clouds however are the most elusive component of the climate system, and the largest source of predictive error in any atmospheric and climate models. Of all cloud types, mixed-phase (consisting of both liquid water and ice) clouds are by far the most uncertain, while they dominate the energy balance and precipitation in many regions of the globe. At the heart of this uncertainty is the inability to capture ice crystal formation and the explosive multiplication that can occur, which in turn fundamentally affect cloud processes. The exact mechanisms involved and their relative importance remain unknown; as a result a description of these processes is currently missing in weather forecast and climate models. Our aim is to resolve this ice formation “paradox”, by quantitatively understanding the mechanisms responsible for enhanced cloud ice levels, and develop parameterizations of these processes for use in numerical models. For this purpose we will use state-of-the-art highresolution models, a unique laboratory dataset and in-situ observations, while our parameterizations will be tested in a weather forecast model. Our initial focus will be in the Arctic, the most climatically sensitive region of the planet, but results have the potential to improve mixed-phase cloud representation at lower latitudes as well. As clouds are a critical component of the climate system, improving cloud-ice representation in models is expected to result in more accurate weather predictions and future climate projections
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MSCA-IF - Marie Skłodowska-Curie Individual Fellowships (IF)Coordinador
70013 Irakleio
Grecia