Project description
The paradox of needing low oxygen to thrive in high oxygen
We generally consider oxygen to be essential for animal life to exist and function. However, to build tissues and heal them when wounded, new cells require conditions of low oxygen (hypoxia). Tissues are built by immature cells, and these cells stay immature under conditions of hypoxia. This insight from how tissues are formed suggests that animal evolution has learned to keep hypoxia internally. The EU-funded ParadOX project investigates the role of processes that harness hypoxia to enable organisms to thrive in conditions with oxygen and even drive the diversification of animals. The project re-evaluates several events in Earth’s history with hypoxia-dependency in mind. Through a geobiological lens of experimental and theoretical work, the project will focus on the role of hypoxia in plants and animals.
Objective
Why complex life evolved on Earth has puzzled scientists for as long as sufficient oxygen has been deemed vital. Motivated by recent discoveries, however, this project will investigate the dawning paradox that multicellular life requires low oxygen (hypoxia) internally to thrive in the oxic niche. Central biological mechanisms in animals and plants need protection from oxygen and appears to depend on hypoxic niches. I have previously reconciled geological and medical observations to demonstrate how biological innovation to harness hypoxia would have allowed animals to conquer the previously inaccessible oxic niche. Although life must have invented several solutions to the paradox, the only known is the recent Nobel Prize-awarded mechanism of how cells sense oxygen. Earth history can uniquely evaluate its evolutionary importance through a geologic lens. In ParadOX, I propose to build a transdisciplinary team that provides a novel geobiological evaluation of the role of innovations that harness hypoxia and the processes that led to them.
ParadOX will:
1) Experimentally define
a) Paleozoic oxygenation as kill-mechanism for species with limited access to hypoxia
b) Role of hypoxia for invertebrate longevity and life cycle
2) Theoretically explore
a) Changes in Neoproterozoic shelf area and daily O2 fluctuations as drivers of hypoxia-machineries
b) Co-evolution of hypoxia-machineries in animals and plants
The project uniquely integrates knowledge from geology, biology, medicine, and numerical modeling.
ParadOXs inquiries groundbreakingly shift our perspective from a simplistic to a dualistic view on the role of oxygen for complex life. Insight to the evolutionary importance and processes that underpin biological innovations to harness hypoxia will advance our view on the rise of multicellularity on Earth, on other planets, and even within us as tumor multicellularity. ParadOX opens a new horizon of investigations into the drivers and the hardships of complex life.
Fields of science (EuroSciVoc)
CORDIS classifies projects with EuroSciVoc, a multilingual taxonomy of fields of science, through a semi-automatic process based on NLP techniques. See: https://op.europa.eu/en/web/eu-vocabularies/euroscivoc.
CORDIS classifies projects with EuroSciVoc, a multilingual taxonomy of fields of science, through a semi-automatic process based on NLP techniques. See: https://op.europa.eu/en/web/eu-vocabularies/euroscivoc.
- humanitieshistory and archaeologyhistory
- natural sciencesbiological sciencesevolutionary biology
- natural sciencesphysical sciencesastronomyplanetary sciencesplanets
- natural sciencesearth and related environmental sciencesgeology
You need to log in or register to use this function
We are sorry... an unexpected error occurred during execution.
You need to be authenticated. Your session might have expired.
Thank you for your feedback. You will soon receive an email to confirm the submission. If you have selected to be notified about the reporting status, you will also be contacted when the reporting status will change.
Keywords
Programme(s)
Topic(s)
Funding Scheme
ERC-STG - Starting GrantHost institution
22100 Lund
Sweden