Descripción del proyecto
Diseño de paisajes conectados: solución rápida o punto muerto para la conservación de la biodiversidad
La pérdida de hábitats es posiblemente la mayor amenaza para la biodiversidad mundial. A medida que las actividades humanas implican la ampliación de las áreas construidas, se reducen las opciones de preservar grandes extensiones de hábitats naturales. Por lo tanto, la organización espacial de los hábitats restantes (configuración) y la posibilidad de que los organismos se desplacen entre los restos de hábitats en el paisaje (permeabilidad de la matriz) constituyen variables críticas. Sin embargo, la oportunidad que ofrece la gestión de estas variables junto con la cantidad de hábitats ha sido objeto de debate entre los científicos desde los años setenta del siglo pasado, lo que limita las posibilidades de apoyo a la toma de decisiones en la ordenación territorial. El objetivo del proyecto SCALED, financiado con fondos europeos, es resolver este debate combinando métodos de modelización y empíricos a varias escalas espaciales y para múltiples organismos.
Objetivo
"The accelerating loss and fragmentation of natural habitats are major threats to biodiversity, the very foundation of our life-supporting system. High land pressure at the global scale reduces opportunities to preserve large amounts of habitat. Habitat configuration (i.e. spatial arrangement) and matrix resistance (i.e. easiness for animals to move between habitat patches) remain the only possible adjustment variables to sustain biodiversity. What the management of habitat configuration and matrix resilience offers as ""window of opportunity"" for conservation has been subject to debate since the 1970s. Resolving this debate is now critical. This is the objective of this project.
SCALED will investigate key ecological processes for multiple organisms and at multiple scales to:
1) understand the circumstances under which different habitat configurations - at fixed habitat amount - can lead to higher or lower levels of biodiversity; 2) understand and quantify the role of matrix resistance - at fixed habitat amount and habitat configuration – in shaping biodiversity in landscapes;
3) generalize and predict how habitat amount, habitat configuration and matrix resistance affect biodiversity with trait-based and process-based modelling.
SCALED combines a new model based on traits and processes at the individual-level with a set of multi-scale innovative empirical experiments, monitored with ambitious sampling designs and a range of advanced tools including landscape genetics and movement telemetry.
SCALED will offer a unique opportunity to validate our predictive model with unprecedented observations of movement, demographic and species-interaction processes under crossed conditions of habitat amount, habitat configuration and matrix resistance. SCALED can also bring wide applications, because public and private land planners deeply need effective decision guidelines and readily usable tools able to bring scientific support to land planning decision-making.
"
Ámbito científico
Palabras clave
Programa(s)
Régimen de financiación
ERC-STG - Starting GrantInstitución de acogida
75794 Paris
Francia