Real-time Adaptive Particle Therapy of Cancer

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Deliverables

Data management plan

Data Management Plan submitted to the REA

RAPTOR website online

Advertisement of vacancies, recruitment of ESRs

advertisement of vacancies by month 3, recruitment of ESRs completed in month 6

Publications

Generation of multimodal realistic computational phantoms as a test-bed for validating deep learning-based cross-modality synthesis techniques

Author(s): Francesca Camagni, Anestis Nakas, Giovanni Parrella, Alessandro Vai, Silvia Molinelli, Viviana Vitolo, Amelia Barcellini, Agnieszka Chalaszczyk, Sara Imparato, Andrea Pella, Ester Orlandi, Guido Baroni, Marco Riboldi, Chiara Paganelli
Published in: Medical & Biological Engineering & Computing, 2025, ISSN 0140-0118
Publisher: Institute of Electrical Engineers
DOI: 10.1007/s11517-025-03437-4

Patient-specific neural networks for contour propagation in online adaptive radiotherapy

Author(s): A Smolders; A Lomax; DC Weber; F Albertini
Published in: Physics in Medicine and Biology, 68 (9), Issue 1, 2023, ISSN 1361-6560
Publisher: Physics in Medicine & Biology
DOI: 10.1088/1361-6560/accaca

Dosimetric comparison of autocontouring techniques for online adaptive proton therapy

Author(s): Andreas Johan Smolders1, Evangelia Choulilitsa1, Katarzyna Czerska2, Nicola Bizzocchi2, Reinhardt Krcek3, Antony John Lomax4, Damien Charles Weber2 and Francesca Albertini4
Published in: Physics in Medicine & Biology, 2023, ISSN 1361-6560
Publisher: IOPscience
DOI: 10.1088/1361-6560/ace307

Comparing methods to improve cone-beam computed tomography for dose calculations in adaptive proton therapy

Author(s): Casper Dueholm Vestergaard, Nadine Vatterodt, Ulrik Vindelev Elstrøm, Kenneth Jensen, Ole Nørrevang, Ludvig Paul Muren, Stine Sofia Korreman, Vicki Trier Taasti
Published in: Physics and Imaging in Radiation Oncology, Issue 34, 2025, Page(s) 100784, ISSN 2405-6316
Publisher: Elsevier BV
DOI: 10.1016/j.phro.2025.100784

Evaluation of motion mitigation strategies for carbon ion therapy of abdominal tumors based on non-periodic imaging data

Author(s): Timo Steinsberger, Anestis Nakas, Alessandro Vai, Silvia Molinelli, Marco Donetti, Marco Pullia, Maria Chiara Martire, Cosimo Galeone, Mario Ciocca, Andrea Pella, Viviana Vitolo, Amelia Barcellini, Ester Orlandi, Sara Imparato, Lennart Volz, Guido Baroni, Chiara Paganelli, Marco Durante, Christian Graeff
Published in: Physics in Medicine & Biology, Issue 70, 2025, Page(s) 065002, ISSN 0031-9155
Publisher: Institute of Physics Publishing
DOI: 10.1088/1361-6560/adb89b

The bone rigidity error as a simple, quantitative, and interpretable metric for patient-specific validation of deformable image registration

Author(s): Andreas Smolders, Tony Lomax, Francesca Albertini
Published in: Physics and Imaging in Radiation Oncology, Issue 34, 2025, Page(s) 100767, ISSN 2405-6316
Publisher: Elsevier BV
DOI: 10.1016/j.phro.2025.100767

Dosimetric characteristics of 3D-printed and epoxy-based materials for particle therapy phantoms

Author(s): Jacob Brunner, Lorenz Langgartner, Hannah Danhel, Wolfgang Birkfellner, Christian Richter, Dirk Wagenaar, Markus Stock, Dietmar Georg, Barbara Knäusl
Published in: Frontiers in Physics, Issue 12, 2024, ISSN 2296-424X
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
DOI: 10.3389/fphy.2024.1323788

Time-saving potential of daily online adaptive proton therapy for head and neck cancers by reducing number of beams

Author(s): Evangelia Choulilitsa, Katarzyna Czerska, Barbara Bachtiary, Damien Charles Weber, Antony John Lomax, Francesca Albertini
Published in: Physics and Imaging in Radiation Oncology, Issue 36, 2025, Page(s) 100853, ISSN 2405-6316
Publisher: Elsevier BV
DOI: 10.1016/j.phro.2025.100853

Adaptive intensity modulated proton therapy using 4D robust planning: a proof-of-concept for the application of dose mimicking approach

Author(s): Suryakant Kaushik, Kristin Stützer, Jakob Ödén, Albin Fredriksson, Iuliana Toma-Dasu
Published in: Physics in Medicine & Biology, Issue 69, 2024, Page(s) 185010, ISSN 0031-9155
Publisher: Institute of Physics Publishing
DOI: 10.1088/1361-6560/ad75e0

Virtual 4DCT generated from 4DMRI in gated particle therapy: phantom validation and application to lung cancer patients

Author(s): S Annunziata, M Rabe, A Vai, S Molinelli, A Nakas, G Meschini, A Pella, V Vitolo, A Barcellini, Imparato, M Ciocca, E Orlandi, G Landry, F Kamp, C Kurz, G Baroni, M Riboldi and C Paganelli
Published in: Physics in Medicine & Biology, 2023, ISSN 1361-6560
Publisher: IOP
DOI: 10.1088/1361-6560/acdec5

Development and external multicentric validation of a deep learning-based clinical target volume segmentation model for whole-breast radiotherapy

Author(s): Maria Giulia Ubeira-Gabellini, Gabriele Palazzo, Martina Mori, Alessia Tudda, Luciano Rivetti, Elisabetta Cagni, Roberta Castriconi, Valeria Landoni, Eugenia Moretti, Aldo Mazzilli, Caterina Oliviero, Lorenzo Placidi, Giulia Rambaldi Guidasci, Cecilia Riani, Andrei Fodor, Nadia Gisella Di Muzio, Robert Jeraj, Antonella del Vecchio, Claudio Fiorino
Published in: Physics and Imaging in Radiation Oncology, Issue 34, 2025, Page(s) 100749, ISSN 2405-6316
Publisher: Elsevier BV
DOI: 10.1016/j.phro.2025.100749

SynthRAD2023 Grand Challenge dataset: Generating synthetic CT for radiotherapy

Author(s): Adrian Thummerer, Erik van der Bijl, Arthur Galapon, Joost J. C. Verhoeff, Johannes A. Langendijk, Stefan Both, Cornelis (Nico) A. T. van den Berg, Matteo Maspero
Published in: Medical Physics, Issue 50, 2023, Page(s) 4664-4674, ISSN 0094-2405
Publisher: American Association of Physicists in Medicine
DOI: 10.1002/mp.16529

Transfer learning for DL‐based Synthetic CT after reconstruction algorithm upgrade in a proton therapy clinic

Author(s): Arthur Galapon, Dirk Wagenaar, Johannes Albertus Langendijk, Stefan Both
Published in: Medical Physics, Issue 52, 2025, ISSN 0094-2405
Publisher: American Association of Physicists in Medicine
DOI: 10.1002/mp.17937

DiffuseRT: predicting likely anatomical deformations of patients undergoing radiotherapy

Author(s): A Smolders, L Rivetti, N Vatterodt, S Korreman, A Lomax, M Sharma, A Studen, D C Weber, R Jeraj, F Albertini
Published in: Physics in Medicine & Biology, Issue 69, 2024, Page(s) 155016, ISSN 0031-9155
Publisher: Institute of Physics Publishing
DOI: 10.1088/1361-6560/ad61b7

Generating synthetic computed tomography for radiotherapy: SynthRAD2023 challenge report

Author(s): Evi M.C. Huijben, Maarten L. Terpstra, Arthur Jr. Galapon, Suraj Pai, Adrian Thummerer, Peter Koopmans, Manya Afonso, Maureen van Eijnatten, Oliver Gurney-Champion, Zeli Chen, Yiwen Zhang, Kaiyi Zheng, Chuanpu Li, Haowen Pang, Chuyang Ye, Runqi Wang, Tao Song, Fuxin Fan, Jingna Qiu, Yixing Huang, Juhyung Ha, Jong Sung Park, Alexandra Alain-Beaudoin, Silvain Bériault, Pengxin Yu, Hongbin Guo, Zhan
Published in: Medical Image Analysis, Issue 97, 2025, Page(s) 103276, ISSN 1361-8415
Publisher: Elsevier BV
DOI: 10.1016/j.media.2024.103276

Deep-learning synthetized 4DCT from 4DMRI of the abdominal site in carbon-ion radiotherapy

Author(s): Anestis Nakas, Maksym Hladchuk, Giovanni Parrella, Alessandro Vai, Silvia Molinelli, Francesca Camagni, Viviana Vitolo, Amelia Barcellini, Sara Imparato, Andrea Pella, Mario Ciocca, Ester Orlandi, Chiara Paganelli, Guido Baroni
Published in: Physica Medica, Issue 133, 2025, Page(s) 104963, ISSN 1120-1797
Publisher: Istituti Editoriali e Poligrafici Internazionali
DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmp.2025.104963

A phantom for 2D dose measurements in the vicinity of metal implants for photon and proton beams

Author(s): Wolfgang Lechner, Barbara Knäusl, Jacob Brunner, Dietmar Georg, Peter Kuess
Published in: Frontiers in Physics, Issue 12, 2024, ISSN 2296-424X
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
DOI: 10.3389/fphy.2024.1433208

Inter- and intrafractional 4D dose accumulation for evaluating ΔNTCP robustness in lung cancer

Author(s): Andreas Smolders , Adriaan C Hengeveld , Stefan Both , Robin Wijsman , Johannes A Langendijk , Damien C Weber , Anthony J Lomax , Francesca Albertini , Gabriel Guterres Marmitt
Published in: Radiotherapy and Oncology, 2022, ISSN 0167-8140
Publisher: Elsevier BV
DOI: 10.1016/j.radonc.2023.109488

Online adaptive planning methods for intensity-modulated radiotherapy

Author(s): Zihang Qiu1,2, Sven Olberg2, Dick den Hertog1, Ali Ajdari2, Thomas Bortfeld2 and Jennifer Pursley2
Published in: Physics in Medicine & Biology, 2023, ISSN 1361-6560
Publisher: IOPscience
DOI: 10.1088/1361-6560/accdb2

Multi-institution investigations of online daily adaptive proton strategies for head and neck cancer patients

Author(s): Evangelia Choulilitsa, Mislav Bobić, Brian Winey, Harald Paganetti, Antony J Lomax, Francesca Albertini
Published in: Physics in Medicine & Biology, Issue 70, 2025, Page(s) 065012, ISSN 0031-9155
Publisher: Institute of Physics Publishing
DOI: 10.1088/1361-6560/adbb51

Experimental assessment of novel PET detector components for online imaging of radioactive ion beams

Author(s): Giulio Lovatti, Munetaka Nitta, Francesco Evangelista, Daria Boscolo, Daria Kostyleva, Mohammad Javad Safari, George Dedes, Chiara Gianoli, Beatrice Foglia, Marco Pinto, Han Gyu Kang, Sivaji Purushothaman, Emma Haettner, Christoph Schuy, Christian Graeff, Ulrich Weber, Christoph Scheidenberger, Peter G Thirolf, Taiga Yamaya, Marco Durante, Katia Parodi
Published in: Physics in Medicine & Biology, Issue 70, 2025, Page(s) 195008, ISSN 0031-9155
Publisher: Institute of Physics Publishing
DOI: 10.1088/1361-6560/ae0674

The influence of daily imaging and target margin reduction on secondary cancer risk in image-guided and adaptive proton therapy

Author(s): A Smolders, K Czerska, Z Celicanin, A Lomax, F Albertini
Published in: Physics in Medicine & Biology, Issue 69, 2024, Page(s) 225004, ISSN 0031-9155
Publisher: Institute of Physics Publishing
DOI: 10.1088/1361-6560/ad8da3

Generation and evaluation of anatomy‐preserving virtual CT for online adaptive proton therapy

Author(s): Suryakant Kaushik, Jakob Ödén, Dayananda Shamurailatpam Sharma, Albin Fredriksson, Iuliana Toma‐Dasu
Published in: Medical Physics, Issue 51, 2024, Page(s) 1536-1546, ISSN 0094-2405
Publisher: American Association of Physicists in Medicine
DOI: 10.1002/mp.16941

Synthetic computed tomography techniques for adaptive proton therapy in head and neck cancers

Author(s): Suryakant Kaushik, Nadine Vatterodt, Jakob Ödén, Albin Fredriksson, Stine S. Korreman, Iuliana Toma-Dasu
Published in: Physics and Imaging in Radiation Oncology, 2025, Page(s) 100847, ISSN 2405-6316
Publisher: Elsevier BV
DOI: 10.1016/j.phro.2025.100847

Deep learning based uncertainty prediction of deformable image registration for contour propagation and dose accumulation in online adaptive radiotherapy

Author(s): A Smolders, A Lomax, D C Weber, F Albertini
Published in: Physics in Medicine & Biology, Issue 68, 2023, Page(s) 245027, ISSN 0031-9155
Publisher: Institute of Physics Publishing
DOI: 10.1088/1361-6560/ad0282

Feasibility of prompt gamma verification for cone-beam computed tomography-based online adaptive proton therapy

Author(s): Stefanie Bertschi, Kristin Stützer, Jonathan Berthold, Ulrik Elstrøm, Anne Vestergaard, Giuliano Perotti Bernardini, Gabriel Marmitt, Guillaume Janssens, Julian Pietsch, Stefan Both, Stine Korreman, Christian Richter
Published in: Physics and Imaging in Radiation Oncology, Issue 34, 2025, Page(s) 100778, ISSN 2405-6316
Publisher: Elsevier BV
DOI: 10.1016/j.phro.2025.100778

Robust optimization strategies for contour uncertainties in online adaptive radiation therapy

Author(s): A Smolders, I Bengtsson, A Forsgren, A Lomax, D C Weber, A Fredriksson, F Albertini
Published in: Physics in Medicine & Biology, Issue 69, 2024, Page(s) 165001, ISSN 0031-9155
Publisher: Institute of Physics Publishing
DOI: 10.1088/1361-6560/ad6526

A reference-point-method-based online proton treatment plan re-optimization strategy and a novel solution to planning constraint infeasibility problem

Author(s): Zihang Qiu, Nicolas Depauw, Bram L Gorissen, Thomas Madden, Ali Ajdari, Dick den Hertog, Thomas Bortfeld
Published in: Physics in Medicine & Biology, Issue 69, 2024, Page(s) 125001, ISSN 0031-9155
Publisher: Institute of Physics Publishing
DOI: 10.1088/1361-6560/ad4a00

Real-time delivered dose assessment in carbon ion therapy of moving targets

Author(s): C Galeone, T Steinsberger, M Donetti, M C Martire, F M Milian, R Sacchi, A Vignati, L Volz, M Durante, S Giordanengo, C Graeff
Published in: Physics in Medicine & Biology, Issue 69, 2024, Page(s) 205001, ISSN 0031-9155
Publisher: Institute of Physics Publishing
DOI: 10.1088/1361-6560/ad7d59

Feasibility of Monte Carlo dropout‐based uncertainty maps to evaluate deep learning‐based synthetic CTs for adaptive proton therapy

Author(s): Arthur Villanueva Galapon, Adrian Thummerer, Johannes Albertus Langendijk, Dirk Wagenaar, Stefan Both
Published in: Medical Physics, Issue 51, 2024, Page(s) 2499-2509, ISSN 0094-2405
Publisher: American Association of Physicists in Medicine
DOI: 10.1002/mp.16838

Two-channel combination methods for count-loss correction in radiation measurements at high rates and with pulsed sources

Author(s): Mohammad-Reza Mohammadian-Behbahani, Vincenzo Monaco, Mohammed Abujami, Davide Bersani, Emanuele Maria Data, Cosimo Galeone, Simona Giordanengo, Omar Hammad Ali, Oscar Ariel Martì Villarreal, Felix Mas Milian, Diango M. Montalván-Olivares, Elisa Richetta, Amedeo Staiano, Michele Stasi, Anna Vignati, Roberto Cirio, Roberto Sacchi
Published in: Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, Issue 1040, 2025, Page(s) 167195, ISSN 0168-9002
Publisher: Elsevier BV
DOI: 10.1016/j.nima.2022.167195

Synthetic CT in Carbon Ion Radiotherapy of the Abdominal Site

Author(s): Parrella, G.; Vai, A.; Nakas, A.; Garau, N.; Meschini, G.; Camagni, F.; Molinelli, S.; Barcellini, A.; Pella, A.; Ciocca, M, V Vitolo, E. Orlandi, C. Paganelli G. Baroni
Published in: Bioengineering, 2023, ISSN 2306-5354
Publisher: MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10020250

Potential margin reduction in prostate cancer proton therapy with prompt gamma imaging for online treatment verification

Author(s): Stefanie Bertschi a, Kristin Stützer a, Jonathan Berthold a b, Julian Pietsch a b, Julien Smeets c, Guillaume Janssens c, Christian Richter a b d
Published in: Physics and Imaging in Radiation Oncology, 2023, ISSN 2405-6316
Publisher: ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.phro.2023.100447

Multi-institutional experimental validation of online adaptive proton therapy workflows

Author(s): Mislav Bobić, Evangelia Choulilitsa, Hoyeon Lee, Katarzyna Czerska, Jeppe B Christensen, Alexandre Mayor, Sairos Safai, Brian A Winey, Damien C Weber, Antony J Lomax, Harald Paganetti, Konrad P Nesteruk, Francesca Albertini
Published in: Physics in Medicine & Biology, Issue 69, 2024, Page(s) 165021, ISSN 0031-9155
Publisher: Institute of Physics Publishing
DOI: 10.1088/1361-6560/ad6527

Calibration method and performance of a time‐of‐flight detector to measure absolute beam energy in proton therapy

Author(s): Anna Vignati, Felix Mas Milian, Zahra Shakarami, Mohammed Abujami, Davide Bersani, Emanuele Data, Marco Donetti, Veronica Ferrero, Cosimo Galeone, Simona Giordanengo, Omar Hammad Ali, Oscar Ariel Marti Villarreal, Elisabetta Medina, Diango Montalvan Olivares, Giovanni Paternoster, Francesco Tommasino, Roberto Cirio, Vincenzo Monaco, Roberto Sacchi
Published in: Medical Physics, Issue 50, 2023, Page(s) 5817-5827, ISSN 0094-2405
Publisher: American Association of Physicists in Medicine
DOI: 10.1002/mp.16637

Optically stimulated luminescence dosimeters for simultaneous measurement of point dose and dose-weighted LET in an adaptive proton therapy workflow

Author(s): Mislav Bobić, Jeppe B. Christensen, Hoyeon Lee, Evangelia Choulilitsa, Katarzyna Czerska, Michele Togno, Sairos Safai, Eduardo G. Yukihara, Brian A. Winey, Antony J. Lomax, Harald Paganetti, Francesca Albertini, Konrad P. Nesteruk
Published in: Frontiers in Oncology, Issue 13, 2024, ISSN 2234-943X
Publisher: Frontiers Media S. A.
DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1333039

First clinical implementation of a highly efficient daily online adapted proton therapy (DAPT) workflow

Author(s): F Albertini, K Czerska, M Vazquez, I Andaca, B Bachtiary, R Besson, A Bolsi, A Bogaert, E Choulilitsa, J Hrbacek, S Jakobsen, D Leiser, M Matter, A Mayor, G Meier, A Nanz, L Nenoff, D Oxley, D Siewert, B A Rohrer Schnidrig, A Smolders, H Szweda, M Van Heerden, C Winterhalter, AJ Lomax, DC Weber
Published in: Physics in Medicine & Biology, Issue 69, 2024, Page(s) 215030, ISSN 0031-9155
Publisher: Institute of Physics Publishing
DOI: 10.1088/1361-6560/ad7cbd

Uncertainty estimation and evaluation of deformation image registration based convolutional neural networks

Author(s): Luciano Rivetti, Andrej Studen, Manju Sharma, Jason Chan, Robert Jeraj
Published in: Physics in Medicine & Biology, Issue 69, 2024, Page(s) 115045, ISSN 0031-9155
Publisher: Institute of Physics Publishing
DOI: 10.1088/1361-6560/ad4c4f

Real-time motion modeling and treatment verification for irregular motion in carbon ion therapy: a feasibility study

Author(s): C Galeone, A Nakas, M Donetti, M C Martire, F M Milian, A Pella, C Paganelli, R Sacchi, A Vignati, M Durante, G Baroni, S Giordanengo, C Graeff
Published in: Physics in Medicine & Biology, Issue 70, 2025, Page(s) 165009, ISSN 0031-9155
Publisher: Institute of Physics Publishing
DOI: 10.1088/1361-6560/adf592

Instantaneous in vivo distal edge verification in intensity‐modulated proton therapy by means of PET imaging

Author(s): Brian Zapien‐Campos, Zahra Ahmadi Ganjeh, Giuliano Perotti‐Bernardini, Jeffrey Free, Stefan Both, Peter Dendooven
Published in: Medical Physics, Issue 52, 2025, ISSN 0094-2405
Publisher: American Association of Physicists in Medicine
DOI: 10.1002/mp.17850

Effects of nuclear interaction corrections and trichrome fragment spectra modelling on dose and linear energy transfer distributions in carbon ion radiotherapy

Author(s): Alessia Bazani, Jacob Brunner, Stefania Russo, Antonio Carlino, Daniel Simon Colomar, Walter Ikegami Andersson, Mario Ciocca, Markus Stock, Piero Fossati, Ester Orlandi, Lars Glimelius, Silvia Molinelli, Barbara Knäusl
Published in: Physics and Imaging in Radiation Oncology, Issue 29, 2025, Page(s) 100553, ISSN 2405-6316
Publisher: Elsevier BV
DOI: 10.1016/j.phro.2024.100553

Deformable Image Registration Uncertainty Quantification Using Deep Learning for Dose Accumulation in Adaptive Proton Therapy

Author(s): A. Smolders, T. Lomax, D. C. Weber, F. Albertini
Published in: Biomedical Image Registration: 10th International Workshop, WBIR 2022, 2022
Publisher: Biomedical Image Registration: 10th International Workshop, WBIR 2022
DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-11203-4_7

Modelling strategies to enable time-resolved volumetric imaging

Author(s): A Nakas, G Meschini, G Baroni, C Paganelli
Published in: Imaging in Particle Therapy, 2025, Page(s) 9-1-9-20
Publisher: IOP Publishing
DOI: 10.1088/978-0-7503-5117-1ch9

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