Objective
The aim of this project lies in the development and testing of an emissionfree heat pump for the provision of cold or heat for the air-conditioning of buildings (e.g. hotels, hospitals, shopping centres and public buildings). Principle characteristic of the process is absorption under low pressures. For cooling purposes, triple point conditions are set at which the three phases ice, water and steam coexist. An ice suspension is produced as a result which can be used for air-conditioning. In the case of heating, the pressure in the absorber is raised slightly and the absorption heat produced is used for heating.
The objective of the project lies in the compilation of design documents and analysis of the behaviour in operation of a plant on an experimental pilot scale with a refrigeration capacity of 40 kW and a heat flow of 50 kW in accordance with the principle of the process described. A COP of 6,5 in refrigeration mode (cooling water temperature of 25 C) will be achieved. Furthermore, the use of compact apparatus freezer, desorber) with integrated enhanced heat and mass transfer surfaces should be investigated in order to optimize investment costs. The technical objectives contain in particular:
- System integration possibilities for the Mediterranean area - Investigation of the capacity range (heating and cooling) for buildings - Development of a computer programme for the simulation of the entire process Analysis of permissible load and
part load behaviour
- Ice transport, ice separation and selection of suitable components (ice content, diameter, etc.) Absorption at low
pressures (6 mbar)
- Investigation of heat and mass transfer on enhanced surfaces for compact apparatus Evaporation and ice
formation on the droplets (retention time and droplet spectrum)
For cooling purposes, the process starts with introducing of feed water into a freezer in which triple point conditions prevail. The feed water is sprayed in the freezing chamber, whereby fine droplets are formed which already start to freeze in the airborne phase. An ice suspension is formed in the sump which is transported into a storage container. Refrigeration plants connected to this (e.g. air-conditioning units) are supplied with cold from this, for which both direct and indirect systems can be used. Since triple point conditions prevail in the freezer, steam forms as the droplets injected freeze which has to be permanently suctioned off in order to maintain the pressure. The suction process takes place with the aid of an absorption agent in an integrated absorber. The absorption heat is rejected by means of cooling water.
For heating purposes, the plant is switched over with simple groups of valves. Now the absorption heat is given up via the storage container to the airconditioning plant. In addition, the pressure in the freezer is raised slightly in order to achieve higher absorption temperatures. This is easily possible since the design is tailored for triple point conditions, i.e. for very low pressures and large vapour volumes.
The technical approach include the following categories:
- Investigation of air-conditioning systems for the integration of heat pumps - Compilation of properties for selected working mixtures
- Thermodynamic design of the process and kinetic calculation and modelling of the apparatus, analysis of compact
heat exchangers with structured surfaces
- Planning and construction of the plant Building, assembly and start up of the plant Implementation of trials
- Modelling and computer simulation
- Examination of different possible applications and economic feasibility
The process has the following advantages:
- Use of inorganic, non-toxic and non-volatile substances as working fluids in order to avoid environmental pollution
- Considerably lower energy demand in comparison to conventional refrigeration plants with the same volume of
investment.
- Large storage capacity of the refrigerant so that the cold can also be stored cheaply during the night
- No use of conventional refrigeration plants as auxiliaries - Combined heating and cooling operation
Fields of science (EuroSciVoc)
CORDIS classifies projects with EuroSciVoc, a multilingual taxonomy of fields of science, through a semi-automatic process based on NLP techniques. See: The European Science Vocabulary.
CORDIS classifies projects with EuroSciVoc, a multilingual taxonomy of fields of science, through a semi-automatic process based on NLP techniques. See: The European Science Vocabulary.
- engineering and technology mechanical engineering thermodynamic engineering
- natural sciences earth and related environmental sciences environmental sciences pollution
- natural sciences mathematics applied mathematics mathematical model
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Multi-annual funding programmes that define the EU’s priorities for research and innovation.
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Calls for proposals are divided into topics. A topic defines a specific subject or area for which applicants can submit proposals. The description of a topic comprises its specific scope and the expected impact of the funded project.
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Funding Scheme
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Funding scheme (or “Type of Action”) inside a programme with common features. It specifies: the scope of what is funded; the reimbursement rate; specific evaluation criteria to qualify for funding; and the use of simplified forms of costs like lump sums.
Coordinator
27570 Bremerhaven
Germany
The total costs incurred by this organisation to participate in the project, including direct and indirect costs. This amount is a subset of the overall project budget.