Objective
Experience in development of former absorption heat pump prototypes showed that a machine must be designed taking care of commercial components existing on the market from the early stage of the project. This avoids the need to design the whole heat pump again, when the activity is switched from laboratory to pre-industrial prototype; however, the use of commercial components is necessary to lower the heat pump costs. All the project will follow this basic idea, so that the objective will be a prototype which uses as much as possible commercial components. This line will be pursued by industry involvement from the start of the activities, to avoid non-economical solutions from the industrial point of view. Another important aspect regards the use of ammonia. To satisfy safety regulations it is necessary to take into account this problem at an early design stage.
The objective is to realize an intrinsically safe machine by developping an advanced absorption heat pump for heating, cooling and sanitary hot water production. The construction and testing of three prototypes of 15 kW refrigeration power, which use NH3/H20 mixture as working fluid will be carried out. The performance target is to obtain a primary energy ratio of 1.6 for heating and 0.6 for cooling together with a fast time response to power demand (3 to 5 minutes).
The new absorption thermodynamic cycle was validated theoretically and experimentally and a number of economical solutions to make use of the above cycle were designed and tested. Brass welding technology, using nickel chromium alloys, was developed to make the heat exchangers and other components needed in the new heat pump. Off-the-shelf components were selected wherever possible to build pre-industrial prototypes. The heat pump uses the same equipment to heat and cool buildings and uses less raw materials than other heat pumps. The new heat exchanger has been designed, manufactured and tested but it has yet to be used in an appliance heat pump.
The project is based on an integrated double stage water/ammonia absorption heat pump; high performances are obtained by means of internal heat recovery. (This function is performed by the "integrated component").
Experiences in development of forme absorption heat pump prototypes showed that a machine must be designed taking care of commercial components existing on the market from the early stage of the project. This avoids the need to design the whole heat pump again, when the activity is switched from laboratory to pre-industrial prototype; however, the use of commercial components is necessary to lower the heat pump costs. All the project will follow this basic idea, so that the objective will be a prototype which uses as much as possible commercial components. This line will be pursued by industry involvement from the start of the activities, to avoid solutions that are far from the best industrial point of view. Another important aspect regards the use of ammonia. To satisfy safety regulations it is necessary to take into account this problem at early stage of design: the objective is to realize an intrinsically safe machine.
Activities will start with experiments and numerical simulation of distillation and rectification of water/ammonia solution (Politecnico di Milano) to achieve mass and heat transfer parameter to design advanced components.
Use of numerical models on heat exchangers previously developed (ENEA) will help to validate and design heat exchangers with turbulence grid. Tests and evaluations of those components and of the "integrated component" will be performed (ENEA , Politecnico di Milano) by means of test facility; this will allow to acquire data to test numerical codes to design the components.
Experiences arising from THERMIE project BU 40-91-IT in course, regarding pre-industrialization of a single stage water/ammonia heat pump will be used to design a part of new heat pump, as heat exchangers and indirect heating system, which guarantee high safety operation.
The industrial involvement in the construction phase (Merloni Termo Sanitari with the support of engineering consultant ADES), will be of primary importance because of the objective to construct prototypes as industrialized as possible.
Tests of the prototypes and safety analysis to support of design will be carried out (ENEA, Merloni Termo Sanitari jointly with Italgas and Gaz de France).
Fields of science (EuroSciVoc)
CORDIS classifies projects with EuroSciVoc, a multilingual taxonomy of fields of science, through a semi-automatic process based on NLP techniques. See: The European Science Vocabulary.
CORDIS classifies projects with EuroSciVoc, a multilingual taxonomy of fields of science, through a semi-automatic process based on NLP techniques. See: The European Science Vocabulary.
- engineering and technology mechanical engineering thermodynamic engineering
- natural sciences chemical sciences inorganic chemistry transition metals
- engineering and technology chemical engineering separation technologies distillation
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Coordinator
00060 Roma - Santa Maria di Galeria
Italy
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