Ziel
The project has produced the following:
- The first set of reliable experimental data for waves interacting with a narrow jet-like current in three dimensions. This includes regular and irregular waves, together with bed stresses in some cases; this bed stresses were only measured for those wave conditions that yielded significant bed stresses. Surface profiles and velocities, mean and wavelike were measured;
- One extensive data set in two dimensions. This is concerned with regular and irregular waves and with both following and adverse currents. Bed stresses are measured in some cases, as appropriate, and bed was taken to be smooth, roughened and slatted. Surface elevations and velocities were measured;
- A second set of two-dimensional data, with the emphasis on strongly sheared currents. The shear is strongest at the surface and was generated artificially to simulate wind-driven currents. Velocities and elevations were measured for both regular and irregular waves;
- Two data sets concerned with three-dimensional motions in wave flumes. Velocity data was obtained across sections of the flumes;
- Field data from four sets of tests off the French coast of the English Channel. Two of the four sets are particularly useful and some of the motion is nearly two-dimensional in character;
- A number of mathematical models to describe wave-current interactions in two and three dimensions and for regular and irregular waves. These are specific to the prescribed configuration;
- Numerical methods to described complete flow motions in two dimensions for regular waves. These simulate the viscous sub-layer and turbulent boundary layer in the vicinity of the bed, the main essentially in viscid domain and the shear layers near the free surface in one model. This represents the leading edge of mathematical modelling and numerical analysis.
The primary objective of the project KADWCI is to study wave-current interactions from a complete fundamental process viewpoint. The project is a continuation of work which originated in MAST-I (G6-M), MAST-II (G8-M) and parallel national programmes. Thus it will build upon a firm foundation of co-operative existing work. The project structure utilises a wide range of complimentary expertise within Europe and could not be achieved without the existence of an European dimension.
The project strategy is to carefully integrate modelling, experiments and field data collection to produce well validated models and good experimental data to illuminate the development of future models. Both the modelling and experimental aspects are associated with a high degree of innovation, but due to the broad-front approach and expertise within the project, the risks of failure are considered to be small.
The project will concentrate upon both the kinematics of the whole flow field and bed shear stresses: both will be measured simultaneously in the experimental programmes whenever possible. The acquisition of reliable field data to understand shear stresses forms an integral part of this project. All suitable data, whether from laboratory or field, will then be used for input to numerical models, validation of existing models and assessment of real fluid effects. There will be a tight co-ordination between modellers and experimentalists.
Sediments will not be included in the project and attention will be primarily restricted to wave and currents over a rigid horizontal bed but with both regular and irregular waves in two and three dimensions.
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30 CORK
Irland