Spying on protein cells
Medicine relies heavily on precise imaging systems to observe protein cells, map their behaviour, diagnose disease and even postulate treatments. In general, electron microscopes that produce an electronically magnified image are used to observe these kinds of cells. Recent advances in organic chemistry, molecular biology and materials science are enabling improvements in microscope technology. An enterprising European project is creating several new classes of fluorescent probes that can be used for imaging in cell biology. The project, fully funded by the EU, is entitled 'Innovation and application of genetically encoded probes for correlated live-cell imaging and electron microscopy′. It is creating endless possibilities as the probes can be used to study proteins in live or fixed specimens, as well as localise activity of the proteins or even modify their function. The ultimate aim of this project is to develop a probe with two combined technologies, known as fluorescence live-cell imaging and electron microscopy (Clem), which simultaneously target specific proteins. Increasing the resolution of the imaging is also being investigated, as is light-based microscopy, formally known as photoactivatable localisation microscopy (Palm). The project team has made great strides in its research, successfully introducing molecular biology and cell culture in a traditional electron microscopy lab environment. The combined technologies microscope was developed and tested, resulting in the 'first genuine genetically-encoded tag that allows for live-cell imaging and correlated electron microscopy'. Overall microscopic imaging was improved, and observation of larger areas with the new microscope accomplished. The technology now enables imaging at very fine detail or 'ultrastructural' level, with highly specific targeting. Moreover, since the probe is genuinely 'genetically encoded' and easy to use compared to current fluorescent protein technology, it can be made readily available to the entire cell biology research community.
