Innovating to stop plant diseases
National plant protection organisations are responsible for limiting incursions of pests and plant diseases across borders. However, border inspections are often done visually and are then further delayed by laboratory testing. As such, the QDETECT project investigated robust real-time alternatives using biochemical, acoustic, remote-imaging and pest-trapping technologies. Researchers developed a technique that can detect bacterial diseases based on volatile chemicals released by the pathogens. They also designed a laser-based instrument for this purpose, and compared several 'electronic nose' devices for specific pathogens. In terms of acoustics, scientists used sensitive instruments, like a laser vibrometer, to record the vibrations emitted by pest species. Each species has a characteristic vibration pattern that can be used for its identification during border inspections. Various trap designs, types of bait and trapping strategies were investigated for insects such as wood beetles and whiteflies, which transmit common plant viruses. A rapid DNA testing technique was developed for quick confirmation of species identity. Lastly, QDETECT researchers designed software that can automatically identify diseased or healthy plants from footage captured by drones (unmanned aerial vehicles). These and other new technologies will ensure that imported plants comply with national and regional plant health regulations. In addition, they will be useful in eradication and containment efforts that aim to minimise economic and environmental damage.
Keywords
Plant diseases, pathogens, pests, border control, pest-trapping
