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Reality of a UV window during the geomagnetic excursion event of Mono Lake-Laschamps and possible link to the disappearance of the Neanderthals

Projektbeschreibung

Das Magnetfeld der Erde und das Verschwinden der Neandertaler

Das Magnetfeld der Erde hat in den letzten 150 Jahren um etwa 20 % abgenommen. Die Erde ist ständig kosmischer Strahlung ausgesetzt und deren Intensität hängt von der Stärke des Magnetfelds ab. Über geologische Zeiträume hinweg gab es Phasen des Zusammenbruchs des magnetischen Dipolmoments und damit des Magnetfelds, die mit Veränderungen der Polarität des Dipols oder mit einfachen Polaritätsexkursionen verbunden sein konnten. Während dieser Perioden kann die UV-Strahlung tiefer in die Atmosphäre eindringen. Das EU-finanzierte Projekt REVA wird dieses UV-Fenster während der Polaritätsexkursion der Mono-Lake-Exkursion und des Laschamp-Ereignisses untersuchen. Dies ist angesichts seiner weltweiten Bedeutung und der möglichen Auswirkungen auf die menschliche Evolution (zeitgleich mit dem Verschwinden der Neandertaler) relevant.

Ziel

"The Earth is constantly subjected to cosmic radiation, the intensity of which, at the level of the upper atmosphere and the Earth's surface, depends on the strength of the magnetic field (MF) surrounding our planet. Over geological timescales, there have been periods of collapse of the magnetic dipole moment, and therefore of the MF, which can be associated with changes in the polarity of the dipole or with simple geomagnetic excursions (GE). GE events (typically lasting ~1ka to ~10ka) generate an increase in cosmic bombardment in the upper atmosphere and, ultimately, through chemical effects the destruction/thinning of the ozone layer. During these periods UV radiation can penetrate deeper into the atmosphere, while it is otherwise absorbed by the ozone layer. Yet, the reality of such a UV ""window” has never been attested by natural observations, which if present during GE events in the future would have significant environmental and above all human consequences. This is plausibly foreseen in a short term as the intensity of Earth’s MF has decreased (~20%) over the past 150 years and with an accelerated rate in the last decades (> ~10 times the normal). The aim of this project is, therefore, to test the reality of a UV window during the Mono Lake-Laschamps (~ -40 ka) GE event, which by its magnitude, its globality and the possible implications for human evolution (being contemporaneous with the disappearance of the Neanderthals), is an example of a remarkable case study. Here, by measuring stable isotopic composition of sulfur (S) at high resolution (<200 years) in ice cores taken in Antarctica, we will leverage peculiar aspects of atmospheric chemistry of the S-33 isotope. In the absence of ozone, the interaction between SO2 and UV radiation, through photochemical processes, generates mass-independent (Δ) signatures. We propose to trace a possible UV ""window"" by analyzing the evolution of the observed ΔS-33 anomaly and model the extent of depletion of ozone layer."

Koordinator

CENTRE NATIONAL DE LA RECHERCHE SCIENTIFIQUE CNRS
Netto-EU-Beitrag
€ 196 707,84
Adresse
RUE MICHEL ANGE 3
75794 Paris
Frankreich

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Region
Ile-de-France Ile-de-France Paris
Aktivitätstyp
Research Organisations
Links
Gesamtkosten
€ 196 707,84