Descrizione del progetto
L’impatto dei parassiti invasivi delle colture sulle comunità di artropodi
Le specie di erbivori alloctoni invasivi rappresentano una grande minaccia per l’agricoltura in quanto danneggiano direttamente le colture. Esse influenzano inoltre indirettamente le comunità autoctone di artropodi, provocando invasioni impreviste di specie native di parassiti. Ciononostante, le specie invasive sono state studiate in modo limitato nell’ambito delle comunità di artropodi. Il progetto PESTNET, finanziato dall’UE, affronterà questa lacuna di conoscenza approfondendo le conseguenze ecologiche esercitate da un parassita di colture alloctone introdotte dall’uomo su una rete trofica soggetta ad invasione. I ricercatori si avvarranno di un sistema modello rappresentato dall’insetto altamente invasivo noto come cicime marmorata asiatica (Halyomorpha halys), da specie di cimice autoctone e da parassitoidi delle uova di entrambi i tipi di parassiti. Essi valuteranno l’agevolazione indiretta dei parassiti mediata dalla prevalenza ospite-parassitoide in reti soggette a invasione e non, determinando inoltre i cambiamenti a livello di comunità delle cimici al fine di stimare le tendenze spaziali nella loro abbondanza.
Obiettivo
Invasive alien herbivore species are a major threat to agriculture because they directly damage crops and induce severe yield losses, but also because they indirectly impact the structure, stability and functioning of native arthropod communities. Indirect facilitation mechanisms can cause unpredictable outbreaks of native pest species but, surprisingly, they have been rarely studied within arthropod communities. Within the framework of invasive species management (Regulation EU 1143/2014), understanding pest facilitation mechanisms is a research priority. This is also because invasive species negatively impact the reliability of agricultural Decision Support Systems, used in sustainable agriculture (Directive 2009/128/EC). PESTNET aims, as general objective, at developing a novel inter- multidisciplinary and intersectoral approach (field monitoring, DNA metabarcoding, multilayer ecological network analyses, citizen science) to depict the basic and applied ecological consequences of a human-introduced alien crop pest on the invaded trophic network. The model system used for implementation is represented by the highly invasive Brown Marmorated Stink Bug, Halyomorpha halys, native stink bug species and shared egg parasitoids. An original two-fold cutting-edge approach is proposed aiming at assessing the following specific objectives: Obj. 1) Evaluation of indirect pest facilitation mediated by host-parasitoid prevalence in non-invaded vs. invaded networks; Obj. 2) Evaluation of stink bug community changes using a mobile monitoring system (app) to estimate spatial trends in stink bugs abundance. Through the involvement of academic and non academic (industry) partners, the project will provide novel insights on how an invasive herbivore pest of worldwide economic importance is impacting sustainable agriculture by interference with the local arthropod community.
Campo scientifico
- agricultural sciencesagriculture, forestry, and fisheriesagriculturesustainable agriculture
- natural sciencesbiological sciencesgeneticsDNA
- social sciencespolitical sciencespolitical policiescivil society
- natural sciencesbiological sciencesecologyinvasive species
- natural sciencesbiological scienceszoologyinvertebrate zoology
Parole chiave
Programma(i)
Argomento(i)
Meccanismo di finanziamento
MSCA-IF - Marie Skłodowska-Curie Individual Fellowships (IF)Coordinatore
06123 Perugia
Italia