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ModulatIng Cancer therapy RespOnse using Bacterial Extracellular nanovesicles

Project description

Bacterial extracellular vesicles against cancer

Like eukaryotic cells, bacteria secrete nanometre-sized extracellular vesicles (BEVs) loaded with active cargo such as proteins as a mechanism of communication with other bacteria and with the host. Scientists under the EU-funded MICROBE project had previously discovered that gut microbiota also secrete BEVs in the systemic circulation of patients with increased intestinal permeability. The biological significance of BEVs in the interplay between the host and bacteria is still largely unknown. Through in-depth characterisation of BEVs from healthy individuals and patients with increased intestinal permeability, MICROBE aims to investigate how BEVs influence the disease course.

Objective

Emerging evidence from cancer patients and mouse models indicates that gut bacteria affect response to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI). As a result, modification of gut bacteria by dietary changes, probiotics and fecal transplantations are explored but a huge gap remains to gain clinical application. Limiting factors are the lack of mechanistic knowledge on how gut bacteria impact ICI response, the need of antibiotics to treat infections in cancer patients and gut resilience to exogenous bacterial colonization. Bacteria release nanometer-sized extracellular vesicles (BEV), loaded with specific pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMP), which possess multiple favorable characteristics for clinical application but remain minimally explored in oncology. Recently, my research group pioneered the discovery of gut-derived immunomodulatory BEV in the systemic circulation (sysBEV) of non-septicemic cancer patients. I hypothesize that sysBEV direct ICI response by initiating cytokine release to instruct innate and adaptive anti-tumor immunity. The overall scientific objective of my ERC-CoG project is to establish an innovative nanotherapeutic strategy using non-replicating BEV nanoparticles as a game changer to establish a safe but potent and durable ICI response. Hereto, MICROBE will analyze cancer patient biospecimens to address a number of fundamental questions with regard to BEV characteristics that are essential to ICI response and implement this know-how to formulate BEV nanotherapeutics from gut bacteria of healthy donors and ICI responsive cancer patients. The optimal administration route, treatment dosage, pharmaco-kinetics and -dynamics will be established and the synergism between BEV nanotherapeutics and ICI will be elucidated using clinically relevant mouse models. In conclusion, MICROBE will provide the EU a frontrunner position for a future first-in-human clinical trial using BEV nanotherapeutics in anti-cancer treatment.

Host institution

UNIVERSITEIT GENT
Net EU contribution
€ 2 000 000,00
Address
SINT PIETERSNIEUWSTRAAT 25
9000 Gent
Belgium

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Region
Vlaams Gewest Prov. Oost-Vlaanderen Arr. Gent
Activity type
Higher or Secondary Education Establishments
Links
Total cost
€ 2 000 000,00

Beneficiaries (1)