Description du projet
Transformations historiques des professions féminines en Afrique urbaine
Les professions populaires dominées par les femmes en Afrique urbaine – des sages-femmes aux couturières, en passant par les coiffeuses, esthéticiennes, chanteuses de mariage et vendeuses de marché – sont encore peu étudiées. Nombre de ces professions ne jouissent pas de concepts tels qu’un prix fixe pour leurs services, ni d’horaires ou de lieux de travail stables. Le projet WomAtWork, financé par le CER, mènera la première enquête comparative sur l’histoire de ces professions au Ghana, au Soudan, en Tanzanie et en Éthiopie entre 1919 et 1970. Le projet mettra en lumière les particularités de ces modèles de travail en tenant compte de leurs transformations historiques résultant des changements politiques et de l’introduction de nouvelles technologies et marchandises. WomAtWork étudiera les subjectivités professionnelles des femmes au travail et examinera les relations entre les professionnelles et leurs communautés.
Objectif
WomAtWork represents the first comparative investigation into the history of female urban popular professions in three African countries – Ghana/Gold Coast, Sudan, and Tanganyika/Tanzania – over the course of fifty years (1919-1970). Not only is this topic under-studied in African history, but these professions (i.e. midwives, beauticians, wedding singers, market vendors, craftswomen) are also characterised by fascinating and unsettling aspects. For example, notions such as a set price for a service and fixed working times or workplace did not apply to many of them.
WomAtWork aims first to discover the peculiarities of these labour patterns and see their historical transformations as a result of political changes and the introduction of new technologies and commodities. Secondly, it examines professional subjectivities, the work ethos, norms and values of women at work. Finally, it questions the relationship between these professionals and their communities – including in the light of the social stigma sometimes attached to them – as well as the nexus between these labourers and protest, charting when and why they laid down their tools.
Based on an innovative methodology, this project seeks to overcome the invisibility of women in official archives by weaving together different threads of sources. It begins inside those photographic archives connected with institutions that had conscious agendas of representation and routines of intense textual production (for example, missionary stations). In some cases, these visual and textual sources lead to networks or families of women professionals, whose oral history will be solicited. Third, the project aims to analyse the vernacular press combined with oral accounts.
Through these objectives and methodologies, WomAtWork will be a participant in the mission of writing a more democratic, more inclusive history, one that firmly establish the centrality of women’s labour in African his
Champ scientifique
Mots‑clés
Programme(s)
- HORIZON.1.1 - European Research Council (ERC) Main Programme
Régime de financement
ERC - Support for frontier research (ERC)Institution d’accueil
75794 Paris
France