Description du projet
Comment l’expansion et la migration des premiers humains ont rendu possible la population mondiale d’aujourd’hui
Il y a environ 70 000 ans, les humains ont commencé à quitter l’Afrique pour se disperser autour du globe. Leur remarquable voyage s’est révélé fructueux car ils étaient résilients, polyvalents et innovants. Le projet DISPERSALS, financé par l’UE, se penchera sur les forces et les processus à l’œuvre dans la migration et la dispersion des premiers Homo sapiens en Afrique. Il évaluera le modèle selon lequel Homo sapiens s’est d’abord développé en Afrique avant de gagner les autres continents. Pour ce faire, il étudiera la continuité et la discontinuité dans la culture et la biologie, ainsi que les mouvements de population au cours des 100 000 dernières années dans le centre du Mozambique. Le projet entend faire la lumière sur les facteurs à l’origine des migrations et des dispersions au sein et en dehors de l’Afrique.
Objectif
Genetic evidence suggests that successful modern human migration out of Africa is believed to have started c. 70,000 years ago, populating the whole world, at different rates and times. This incredible voyage took place because of human’s unique resilience, versatility, and innovation, both biological and cultural, to external stimuli, including ecological and environmental changes.
The main objective of DISPERSALS is to investigate the migration and dispersal dynamics of early Homo sapiens in Africa and archaeologically evaluate the genetic model that southern African human populations were the genesis of the successful out-of-Africa some 70,000 years ago. This will be accomplished by investigating cultural and biological continuity/discontinuity issues and human population movements in the last c. 100,000 years in the poorly studied Limpopo and the Save river basins, central Mozambique, an area mediating the two key regions of human development, i.e. southern and eastern Africa.
DISPERSALS will compare the human occupation and ecology between central Mozambique and eastern and southern Africa using a multi-scale approach based on the study of regional diachronic cultural traits. It will reconstruct regional population patterns, followed by comparative quantitative population genetics combined with GIS computational network analyses. The results will be then integrated through Agent-based modeling, based on the incremental creation, elimination, or reorientation of network links to simulate a quantitative framework to study the evolution of population dispersal across southern-eastern Africa. The project will be crucial in providing ground-breaking high-resolution archaeological, chronological, and paleoenvironmental data. DISPERSALS will deliver a fundamental perspective on the key processes that triggered migrations and dispersals within Africa and out-of-Africa which ultimately resulted in the human diaspora over the entire planet.
Champ scientifique
Programme(s)
- HORIZON.1.1 - European Research Council (ERC) Main Programme
Thème(s)
Régime de financement
HORIZON-AG - HORIZON Action Grant Budget-BasedInstitution d’accueil
8005 139 Faro
Portugal