Descrizione del progetto
Strumenti tecnologici innovativi per il biorisanamento
Centinaia di migliaia di siti contaminati, che rappresentano un rischio significativo per l’uomo e l’ambiente, richiedono tecnologie di pulizia innovative, poiché la bonifica convenzionale è spesso troppo costosa e inefficiente. La bonifica biotecnologica impiega l’uso di organismi viventi, per lo più microbi e batteri, per la rimozione degli agenti inquinanti dall’ambiente. Il progetto MIBIREM, finanziato dall’UE, svilupperà una serie di strumenti unici per applicazioni ambientali di biorisanamento dei microbiomi altamente efficienti. Il progetto svilupperà metodi molecolari per il monitoraggio, l’isolamento, la coltivazione e il successivo deposito di microbiomi interi. Questo insieme di strumenti includerà anche la metodologia per il miglioramento di specifiche funzioni del microbioma, tra cui l’evoluzione e l’arricchimento. Le prestazioni dei microbiomi selezionati saranno testate in condizioni reali sul campo.
Obiettivo
Microbiomes have high potential to improve biobased processes. For example, in soil and groundwater they can degrade organic contaminants, a process called bioremediation. In Europe about 324,000 severely contaminated sites exist, which pose a risk to humans and the environment. Conventional remediation technologies to clean them are often too expensive and technically Microbiomes have a high potential to improve processes in the bio-based industry. Like the microbiome in the gut, that supports the body in the digestion of food, microbiomes in environmental compartments like soil and groundwater can produce enzymes that can degrade organic contaminants caused by human activities. In MIBIREM we will develop a TOOLBOX that helps to better develop applications for microbiomes. The TOOLBOX includes molecular methods for a better understand and monitoring, isolation and cultivation techniques as well as quality criteria for deposition of whole microbiomes and last, but not least methods that are applied to improve specific functions of microbiomes like microbiome evolution and enrichment cultures and microcosm tests. The TOOLBOX is developed for the environmental applications of microbiomes for ‘bioremediation’. For that purpose, three use-cases were selected. In these three use-cases the degradation of organic contaminants in soil and groundwater by active microbiomes is investigated and developed. The three groups of contaminants are cyanides, hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) and petroleum hydrocarbons (PHC). The project starts with sampling of contaminated sites to isolate microbiomes active in degradation and to gain data for the development of a prediction tool that helps guide bioremediation. Isolated microbiomes and degrading strains will be deposited and will also be improved via laboratory evolution. Finally, the performance of the isolated microbiomes will be tested based on the gained knowledge about degrading microbiomes in pilot tests under real field conditions.
Campo scientifico
- natural scienceschemical sciencesinorganic chemistryinorganic compounds
- engineering and technologyenvironmental biotechnologybioremediation
- natural scienceschemical sciencesorganic chemistryhydrocarbons
- engineering and technologyenvironmental engineeringenergy and fuelsfossil energypetroleum
- natural sciencesbiological sciencesmicrobiology
Parole chiave
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Meccanismo di finanziamento
HORIZON-IA - HORIZON Innovation ActionsCoordinatore
1080 Wien
Austria
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