Project description
Untangling the complexity of deep learning
Having penetrated nearly all industries, deep neural networks (DNNs) are at the cutting edge of AI. Despite the high level of performance, DNNs have flaws. Humans find the complex models hard to interpret and analyse. DNNs also suffer from bias. The EU-funded RRR-XAI project aims to tackle these shortcomings by making deep learning understandable. It will carry out analyses to become aware of the different kinds of phenomena that create problems for DNNs. To do so, it will conduct case studies involving COVID-19 prediction from chest X-ray images and weapon detection in alarm systems and crowds from images.
Objective
Deep Deep Learning (DL) is a form of machine learning (ML) that enables computers to learn from experience and understand the world in terms of a hierarchy of concepts. This hierarchy allows a DL model to learn complicated concepts by building them out of simpler ones. A graph of these hierarchies would be many layers deep, and thus its name. A Deep neural network (DNN) is based on an artificial neural network model, and its core strength is that there is no need for human assistance to formally specify all the knowledge that the model needs. This makes DNNs represent the state of the art in Artificial Intelligence (AI). Despite their top performance and ubiquity of applications (from Healthcare to autonomous cars), DNNs suffer serious shortcomings. First, DNNs are considered black box models, i.e. with complex and opaque algorithms, hard to interpret and diagnose. Second, they suffer from bias, and the testing protocols for automatic recognition are not fair, as they learn patterns in the data that are not correlated to the output; e.g. they may focus on areas outside the lung in X ray images to predict the presence of COVID-19. Although DNNs outperform many other methods, they often are not right for the right reasons (RRR). RRR-XAI tackles this mismatch and bridges this gap through a tight integration of DL and symbolic AI, with the principal objective of making DL explainable. To achieve this I will follow the rationale behind XAI under the RRR philosophy and perform analyses to understand two types of phenomena that cause trouble in DNNs. Second, I will use: 1) Domain knowledge expertise as supporting evidence to explain a particular model output; 2) Neural-Symbolic computation to communicate the explanation of such phenomena in natural language. I will study two practical use cases where supporting explanations of the model output are critical: a) COVID-19 prediction from chest X-Ray images, and b) Weapon detection in alarm systems and crowds from images.
Fields of science (EuroSciVoc)
CORDIS classifies projects with EuroSciVoc, a multilingual taxonomy of fields of science, through a semi-automatic process based on NLP techniques. See: The European Science Vocabulary.
CORDIS classifies projects with EuroSciVoc, a multilingual taxonomy of fields of science, through a semi-automatic process based on NLP techniques. See: The European Science Vocabulary.
- engineering and technology mechanical engineering vehicle engineering automotive engineering autonomous vehicles
- medical and health sciences health sciences infectious diseases RNA viruses coronaviruses
- natural sciences computer and information sciences artificial intelligence machine learning deep learning
- natural sciences computer and information sciences artificial intelligence computational intelligence
- humanities philosophy, ethics and religion philosophy
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Keywords
Project’s keywords as indicated by the project coordinator. Not to be confused with the EuroSciVoc taxonomy (Fields of science)
Project’s keywords as indicated by the project coordinator. Not to be confused with the EuroSciVoc taxonomy (Fields of science)
Programme(s)
Multi-annual funding programmes that define the EU’s priorities for research and innovation.
Multi-annual funding programmes that define the EU’s priorities for research and innovation.
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HORIZON.1.2 - Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions (MSCA)
MAIN PROGRAMME
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Topic(s)
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Calls for proposals are divided into topics. A topic defines a specific subject or area for which applicants can submit proposals. The description of a topic comprises its specific scope and the expected impact of the funded project.
Funding Scheme
Funding scheme (or “Type of Action”) inside a programme with common features. It specifies: the scope of what is funded; the reimbursement rate; specific evaluation criteria to qualify for funding; and the use of simplified forms of costs like lump sums.
Funding scheme (or “Type of Action”) inside a programme with common features. It specifies: the scope of what is funded; the reimbursement rate; specific evaluation criteria to qualify for funding; and the use of simplified forms of costs like lump sums.
HORIZON-TMA-MSCA-PF-EF - HORIZON TMA MSCA Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships
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Call for proposal
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Procedure for inviting applicants to submit project proposals, with the aim of receiving EU funding.
(opens in new window) HORIZON-MSCA-2021-PF-01
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Net EU financial contribution. The sum of money that the participant receives, deducted by the EU contribution to its linked third party. It considers the distribution of the EU financial contribution between direct beneficiaries of the project and other types of participants, like third-party participants.
18071 GRANADA
Spain
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