Descripción del proyecto
Portainjertos resilientes para sistemas de cultivo de café y cacao de bajos insumos
El cambio climático afecta gravemente a los cultivos de árboles frutales. Gracias a la técnica del injerto, los portainjertos pueden conferir una mayor tolerancia a los factores de estrés abiótico y biótico. El proyecto BOLERO, financiado con fondos europeos, desarrollará herramientas de fenotipado, las aplicará para evaluar los rasgos de la arquitectura del sistema radicular (ASR) del café y el cacao, descifrará el microbioma de las plantas de café y el cacao, además de interactuar con los exudados de las raíces mediante una modelización metabólica a gran escala. El proyecto utilizará dichos recursos para construir modelos predictivos sobre los rasgos de la ASR en lo relativo a datos genotípicos y la composición y abundancia del microbioma, con el fin de mejorar los cultivos de café y cacao. El equipo del proyecto BOLERO propondrá estrategias de mejora rápidas y económicas para crear portainjertos, probarlos en sistemas de cultivo de café y cacao de bajos insumos, además de evaluar el rendimiento agronómico y la rentabilidad de plantas injertadas en Vietnam.
Objetivo
Fruit tree crops (FTC), represented by more than 50 species grown on over 100 M Ha, are strongly affected by climate change (CC). Thanks to grafting, rootstocks can confer enhanced tolerance to abiotic and biotic stresses, providing a valuable solution to expand food production. BOLERO aims to i) develop phenotyping tools, ii) employ them to score root system architecture (RSA) traits of coffee/cocoa, including grafted plants, under controlled and on-field conditions, iii) decode the microbiome of coffee/cocoa plants and the interface with the root exudates with large-scale metabolic modelling, and iv) use these resources to build predictive models of RSA traits in terms of genotypic data and microbiome composition and abundance to accelerate coffee/cocoa breeding. This data compendium will be used in combination with a data hub to survey the genetic diversity in FTCs and use it to dissect the genetic basis of RSA traits and their plasticity. BOLERO will propose fast and low-cost breeding strategies to create rootstocks, which will be tested in low-input coffee/cocoa farming systems. The agronomic performances and profitability of grafted plants will be assessed in Vietnam. BOLERO will rely on the knowledge of the large scientific community in Europe, the support of national institutes in tropical countries, and the expertise of industries to lead a multidisciplinary study for rootstocks selection with Coffee as a model, Cocoa as proof of concept, and propose tools and techniques transferable easily to all FTCs. BOLERO will develop and demonstrate for the first time at a large scale the open-source seeds initiative. BOLERO will therefore contribute to the Biodiversity and Farm to Fork Strategies, through significant impacts on the way FTCs are bred and on the use of beneficial soil biota and biodiversity, leading on adaptation to CC, inputs used and soil carbon sequestration.
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HORIZON-RIA - HORIZON Research and Innovation ActionsCoordinador
75016 Paris
Francia