Descrizione del progetto
L’informatica neuromorfica con i «neuroni» in grado di effettuare oscillazioni sincronizzate
L’informatica neuromorfica impiega approcci hardware e software per simulare la struttura e la funzione del cervello umano. Sebbene l’IA sia un settore ben sviluppato, l’emulazione dei neuroni e delle sinapsi tramite l’hardware è un’area di applicazione emergente. Le oscillazioni elettriche all’interno del cervello sono un fenomeno comune che si associa a svariati processi cognitivi. Con il sostegno del programma di azioni Marie Skłodowska-Curie, il progetto SMART sfrutterà la resistenza differenziale negativa, una proprietà che consente ad alcuni componenti di produrre oscillazioni in risposta all’applicazione di spike elettrici, allo scopo di simulare il comportamento dei neuroni biologici. Sottili pellicole di un nuovo materiale in grado di manifestare questo tipo di resistenza saranno integrati in reti neurali oscillatorie al fine di dimostrare complesse operazioni di calcolo.
Obiettivo
Rapid progress in the regime of Artificial Intelligence and Internet-of-Things has enthused the development of fast and energy-efficient hardware to support future computing needs. One of the most prominent solutions is the deployment of cross-disciplinary resources for mimicking the performance of a Human Brain, also known as neuromorphic computing. It relies on electronic components that could replicate the functioning of neurons and synapses. Designing such novel electronics needs the development of cost-effective, fast and reliable materials with tunable functionality. A fundamental understanding of these materials will pave the foundation of innovative device designs and strategies for their large-scale integration for neuromorphic architectures. In this context, the proposed project intends to deliver artificial neurons by developing thin-films of a novel material (TbMnO3) that is capable of demonstrating a Negative Differential Resistance (NDR). The idea is to utilise the fundamental understanding of multi-dimensional (electrical, optical, mechanical and magnetic) control of NDR which is not explored yet and is possible in TbMnO3. NDR enables a two-terminal device to display self-oscillations due to applied electrical spikes. The spiking electrical currents could be used to govern the behaviour of these oscillations and emulating the leaky, integrate, and fire behaviour of biological neurons. Once such a performance is achieved, the device will further be integrated into oscillatory neural networks array for demonstration of complex computing tasks such as image recognition and imitating human behaviour.
The project will unite the applicant’s expertise in synaptic devices and materials engineering with the extensive experience of the host-labs in thin-film and neuromorphic devices. Importantly, the project will warranty catapulting the applicant’s international recognition as an independent researcher and will improve his career prospects.
Campo scientifico
Programma(i)
- HORIZON.1.2 - Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions (MSCA) Main Programme
Meccanismo di finanziamento
HORIZON-AG-UN - HORIZON Unit GrantCoordinatore
9712CP Groningen
Paesi Bassi