Description du projet
Étudier l’inversion chromosomique pour mieux comprendre l’adaptation écologique
Malgré les formidables progrès de la recherche en biologie évolutive, les polymorphismes d’inversion liés à l’adaptation locale demeurent un domaine inexploré. En prenant le hareng de l’Atlantique (Clupea harengus) comme étude de cas, le projet INVERT2ADAPT, financé par l’UE, étudiera les mécanismes qui sous-tendent l’adaptation locale basée sur les inversions chromosomiques. Pour ce faire, INVERT2ADAPT s’appuiera sur divers outils tels que la génomique comparative, la phylogénomique, la génomique des populations, l’expression des gènes et la génomique fonctionnelle. Le projet entend contribuer à une meilleure compréhension des interactions entre le génotype, le phénotype et l’environnement et du rôle de la variation structurelle dans l’adaptation au sein des populations naturelles.
Objectif
Large chromosomal inversions have been increasingly linked to local adaptation in natural populations. Despite their importance, there is current debate about what evolutionary forces maintain inversion polymorphisms in natural populations, particularly regarding the interplay between balancing and divergent selection. Furthermore, limitations of sequencing technologies often result in poor characterization of inversion breakpoints obscuring our understanding of their functional impact. INVERT2ADAPT will focus on Atlantic herring (Clupea harengus) as a model system to study the contribution of chromosomal inversions to local adaptation using multiple genomics tools. First, I will characterize the chromosomal inversions and date their origin relatively to the evolutionary history of Atlantic herring using comparative genomics and phylogenomics. Second, I will study the selection regimes that maintain the inversions across a gradient of sea water temperate using population genomics. Lastly, I will pinpoint the genes and regulatory elements within the inversions that are involved in adaptation to sea water temperature using gene expression and functional genomics. The project will allow to better understand how Atlantic herring is able to survive across a wide range of sea water temperature in the Atlantic Ocean. A clear establishment of the link between linking genotype, phenotype and environment is important to understand how Atlantic herring might adapt to changes in sea water temperature induced by global warming. INVERT2ADAPT will also contribute to a better understanding of how structural variation, including large chromosomal inversions, contribute to adaptation in natural populations. The project will be implemented in Uppsala University under the supervision of Professor Leif Andersson.
Programme(s)
- HORIZON.1.2 - Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions (MSCA) Main Programme
Appel à propositions
(s’ouvre dans une nouvelle fenêtre) HORIZON-MSCA-2021-PF-01
Voir d’autres projets de cet appelRégime de financement
HORIZON-TMA-MSCA-PF-EF - HORIZON TMA MSCA Postdoctoral Fellowships - European FellowshipsCoordinateur
751 05 Uppsala
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