Description du projet
Comprendre les réponses cellulaires des plantes aux dommages mécaniques induits de l’intérieur
Les nématodes, ou vers ronds, constituent une menace sérieuse pour les cultures alimentaires mondiales. Les nématodes à kyste endoparasites sont un groupe de nématodes particulièrement important sur le plan économique. Ils forment des kystes sur les racines des plantes et endommagent les tissus vasculaires des racines avec leur syncytium, une structure alimentaire spécialisée. La réponse cellulaire des plantes à ce dommage mécanique est inconnue, ce qui entrave le développement de plantes qui y résistent. Grâce au soutien du programme Actions Marie Skłodowska-Curie, le projet PREENER étudiera les réponses moléculaires aux lésions mécaniques des cellules entourant les tissus vasculaires. La lésion sera induite avec précision en utilisant une technologie microscopique avancée et une ablation laser de haute technologie. Une meilleure compréhension des mesures de barrière physique des plantes favorisera le développement de plantes résistantes.
Objectif
Plant-parasitic nematodes are microscopic organisms with exceptionally broad host range that pose major challenge to global agriculture, generate a predicted loss of 12.3 percent, equivalent to $157 billion each year. The losses caused by nematodes are further enhanced when they form disease-complexes with other microbes. Endoparasitic cyst nematodes are one of two most devastating groups, infecting the roots of economically important plants. The nematodes are a persistent problem because they have evolved an ability to secrete specific proteins to exploit the host plant’s development and suppress defense responses triggered by the plant. They begin feeding only after developing a specialized feeding structure (syncytium) inside the host root, by selecting a single cell near the innermost nutrient-rich vascular tissues, causing cellular injury by passing through multiple layers of different cell files. The majority of previous research has been on syncytium formation as infection proceeds. However, it is unknown how plants respond at the cellular level to the mechanical damage caused by nematodes, which prevents the creation of resistant plants to minimize crop losses. In the proposed study, cells from two internal consecutive cell layers surrounding the vascular tissues will be studied for their molecular responses to mechanical injury. The control of lignin and suberin production, which function as physical barriers against invading pathogens, will be studied in particular. Advanced microscopic technology will be utilized to accurately produce mechanical damage in selected internal root cells using a cutting-edge method called laser ablation. It will offer a strong platform for the creation of resistance agricultural plants against plant parasitic nematodes in the long run. The project will use a variety of high-tech multidisciplinary approaches to provide a framework for researching plant physical barrier measures against invasive plant diseases.
Champ scientifique
Programme(s)
- HORIZON.1.2 - Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions (MSCA) Main Programme
Régime de financement
HORIZON-AG-UN - HORIZON Unit GrantCoordinateur
750 07 Uppsala
Suède