Descrizione del progetto
Comprendere le risposte cellulari delle piante ai danni meccanici indotti al loro interno
I nematodi, o vermi cilindrici, sono una delle principali minacce per le colture alimentari globali. I nematodi endoparassiti a cisti sono un gruppo particolarmente importante dal punto di vista economico. Questi parassiti formano una ciste sulle radici delle piante e ne danneggiano i tessuti vascolari con il loro sincizio, una struttura specializzata per l’alimentazione. Non è nota la risposta cellulare delle piante al danno meccanico, che ostacola lo sviluppo di quelle che resistono al danno. Con il sostegno del programma di azioni Marie Skłodowska-Curie, il progetto PREENER studierà le risposte molecolari alla lesione meccanica delle cellule che circondano i tessuti vascolari. La lesione sarà indotta con precisione per mezzo di una tecnologia microscopica avanzata e dell’ablazione laser ad alta tecnologia. Una migliore comprensione delle misure di barriera fisica attuate dai vegetali favorirà lo sviluppo di piante resistenti.
Obiettivo
Plant-parasitic nematodes are microscopic organisms with exceptionally broad host range that pose major challenge to global agriculture, generate a predicted loss of 12.3 percent, equivalent to $157 billion each year. The losses caused by nematodes are further enhanced when they form disease-complexes with other microbes. Endoparasitic cyst nematodes are one of two most devastating groups, infecting the roots of economically important plants. The nematodes are a persistent problem because they have evolved an ability to secrete specific proteins to exploit the host plant’s development and suppress defense responses triggered by the plant. They begin feeding only after developing a specialized feeding structure (syncytium) inside the host root, by selecting a single cell near the innermost nutrient-rich vascular tissues, causing cellular injury by passing through multiple layers of different cell files. The majority of previous research has been on syncytium formation as infection proceeds. However, it is unknown how plants respond at the cellular level to the mechanical damage caused by nematodes, which prevents the creation of resistant plants to minimize crop losses. In the proposed study, cells from two internal consecutive cell layers surrounding the vascular tissues will be studied for their molecular responses to mechanical injury. The control of lignin and suberin production, which function as physical barriers against invading pathogens, will be studied in particular. Advanced microscopic technology will be utilized to accurately produce mechanical damage in selected internal root cells using a cutting-edge method called laser ablation. It will offer a strong platform for the creation of resistance agricultural plants against plant parasitic nematodes in the long run. The project will use a variety of high-tech multidisciplinary approaches to provide a framework for researching plant physical barrier measures against invasive plant diseases.
Campo scientifico
Programma(i)
- HORIZON.1.2 - Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions (MSCA) Main Programme
Meccanismo di finanziamento
HORIZON-AG-UN - HORIZON Unit GrantCoordinatore
750 07 Uppsala
Svezia