Mechanism and significance of de novo gene methylation during reproduction in Marchantia

Descripción del proyecto

Estudio de la metilación génica en un sistema modelo vegetal

La metilación del ADN es un proceso fundamental en la regulación génica. Sin embargo, la metilación en los vegetales y en los animales presenta patrones distintos, y la reprogramación de la metilación durante el desarrollo se produce de maneras diferentes. El objetivo del proyecto EPIC, financiado por las Acciones Marie Skłodowska-Curie, es llevar a cabo un estudio de vanguardia sobre la metilación del ADN utilizando como sistema modelo vegetal a la especie «Marchantia polymorpha». La aplicación de la metilómica y la transcriptómica unicelular de alto rendimiento, combinada con técnicas moleculares innovadoras, permitirá identificar los procesos de desarrollo y los agentes epigenéticos que intervienen en el proceso de reprogramación de la metilación génica. A continuación, los investigadores estudiarán el mecanismo de selectividad de la metilación utilizando líneas celulares vegetales modificadas genéticamente para confirmar el papel de la metilación génica en la regulación transcripcional y el desarrollo.

Objetivo

DNA methylation plays fundamental roles in gene regulation and cell identity in plants and animals. However, these two kingdoms exhibit distinct methylation patterns and reprogramming of methylation during development occurs in different ways. I have exciting evidence from the emerging model plant system Marchantia polymorpha of de novo DNA methylation at thousands of genes in the embryo that is analogous to gene methylation established in the oocyte of mammals. A subset of these genes are also methylated in the Marchantia male sex organ prior to fertilisation and are enriched for roles in hormone signalling, epigenetics, and developmental transitions, indicating parental imprinting events important for embryo development. I propose to conduct a targeted dissection of this phenomenon. I will be hosted first by Prof. Ecker (Salk Institute, US), who is a world leader in single cell epigenomics. I will carry out high-throughput single cell methylomics and transcriptomics in combination with other cutting-edge molecular techniques to precisely determine the developmental processes undergoing gene methylation reprogramming as well as the underlying epigenetic players involved. In the return phase, I will be hosted by Prof. Solano (Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, Spain) who is an expert in motif analysis and Marchantia hormone biology. With his expertise I will investigate the methylation targeting mechanism and will utilise methylation loss lines to confirm the role of gene methylation in transcriptional regulation as well as development, with a focus on ethylene signalling. This proposal represents a state-of-the-art class of study of DNA methylation through which I will broaden my scientific knowledge, develop complementary skills such as lab management and science outreach, and extend my professional network internationally. The experiences gained during this Fellowship will be essential to achieve my goal of leading a research group at the forefront of epigenetics.