Integrated GermaNIum quanTum tEchnology

Informazioni relative al progetto

IGNITE

ID dell’accordo di sovvenzione: 101069515

DOI

10.3030/101069515

Progetto chiuso

Data della firma CE 22 Giugno 2022

Data di avvio 1 Luglio 2022

Data di completamento 31 Dicembre 2025

Finanziato da

• Digital, Industry and Space

Costo totale

€ 4 996 815,75

Contributo UE

€ 4 996 815,75

Coordinato da

TECHNISCHE UNIVERSITEIT DELFT
Netherlands

CORDIS fornisce collegamenti ai risultati finali pubblici e alle pubblicazioni dei progetti ORIZZONTE.

I link ai risultati e alle pubblicazioni dei progetti del 7° PQ, così come i link ad alcuni tipi di risultati specifici come dataset e software, sono recuperati dinamicamente da .OpenAIRE .

Risultati finali

Documents, reports (18)

Cross talk characterization and mitigation strategies

In order to investigate crosstalk and find strategies to mitigate it we are going to investigate whether oscillating electric fields on neighboring qubits can lead to off-resonant Rabi oscillations and therefore decreased fidelities. We are going to perform randomized benchmarking on qubit1 with its neighboring qubit (qubit2) either in the idle state or with an oscillating electric field applied to one of its electrodes.We will investigate the fidelity dependence on the amplitude of the applied oscillating electric field and seek for best possible designs mitigating the crosstalk. Similarly, for the two-qubit gate we are going to investigate its fidelity on the status of the neighboring qubit3, i.e. whether it is idle or driven.

Report on electrical characterization

Systematic electrical characterisation of quick turn monitors will be carried out by the different characterisation teams according to specific expertise, scientific interest and existing collaborations. Definition of a set of common metrics and targets will facilitate knowledge exchange and accelerate progress.

Gate set protocol for fault tolerant operation

Randomized benchmarking measurements will be performed on quantum dot arrays in order to obtain insight into fidelity and its variability from qubit to qubit. On the theory side we are going to model electron-phonon, hyperfine, spin-orbit interaction and charge noise in order to understand their effect on qubit benchmarks. The goal is to enable the interpretation of experiments and to provide feedback and guidelines for optimized device design.

Fabricated 64-qubit processors

64-qubit-devices will be realized on coupons from 100mm and 300mm wafers with multi-layer gates using electron-beam lithography, atomic layer deposition and metal deposition.

Perspective on germanium qubit operation.

Perspective on germanium qubit operation based on all findings of the work package quantum devices.

Demonstration with documentation of automated tuning and gate calibration of quantum chip

* Scalability-testing using autonomous operation of a 64-qubit quantum processor* Benchmarking crosstalk mitigation results* Ensuring seamless operation and implementation of WP4 algorithms on the entire classical and quantum stack, including cryogenic multiplexer and chip package and room-temperature hardware.

Readout and initialization fidelities optimization

Readout will be based on latched Pauli-spin blockade. As the avoided crossing, and therefore the high fidelity fast initialization, depend on spin-orbit interaction, magnetic field and g-factor differences we will investigate the initialization fidelity versus electric and magnetic field and desing tailored pulses to avoid populating excited states.

Qubit realization exceeding quality factors of 500

Characterization of spin coherence (T1,T2*,T2) and Rabi driving (optimial driving, role of spin-orbit coupling) in connection to qubit layout.

Feedback on qubit properties

WP3,4 will provide regular feedback on qubit benchmarking. This feedback will complete the learning cycle on materials and devices development and provide guidelines for design and process optimization.

Report followed by publication of quantum advantage demonstration experiment

*Anomaly detection demonstration using a quantum classifier by using a 16 and 64 qubit processor* Random sampling algorithm on 64 qubit processor or subsystem* Evaluation of further algorithms and algorithm classes optimum for intermediate-scale germanium quantum processors

Report on full blueprint including layout of quantum chip, coherent interconnects and classical hardware, elaborated by publication concerning the developed architecture

* Based on input from all other work packages, development of specific quantum-level modular architecture for two-dimensional qubit array* Demonstration of long-range (>100 μm) two-qubit gates with high fidelity via coherent interconnects between different qubit modules, based on superconducting materials developed in WP3* Full-layout of 64-qubit quantum device chip to industrial partner for deploying into industrial fab fabrication process

Report on crosstalk mitigation in intermediate and large-scale devices

* Quantify crosstalk on the <12 qubits chips via simultaneous randomized benchmarking and compare to the theoretical simulation* Implement adaptive mitigation strategy to minimize the crosstalk as measured via simultaneous randomized benchmarking

Report on benchmarking of machine learning tuning models on the intermediate scale devices

* Test the machine learning models on previously measured data and benchmark against numerical simulations for < 12 quantum dots.* Run the on-device tuning for intermediate scale < 12 qubit systems. Analyze the tuning speed and benchmark against human operators.

Open-source shared training sets for quantum dot control machine learning algorithms

Use system-specific theoretical models produced in WP3 to generate labeled data sets for classically simulatable system sizes (< 12 quantum dots)* Develop geometric graph-based translationally invariant machine learning models and benchmark them on the theoretically generated data sets.

Report on error-correction demonstration, identification of errors and optimum errormitigation strategy

* Modular benchmarking and error-detection for 10-or-fewer qubit processor including classical simulation* Error correction modelling; hardware-specific computation of error syndromes and noise correlations on limited-connectivity and error-prone processors (UKONZ, BUDA)* Surface-code error-detection and correction on 16 or 64 qubit processor or subsystem* Fault tolerant/ logical qubit

Annual report

Annual report with latest material developments and resources information. Also month 24 and 36.

Perspective on strained germanium heterostructure engineering

Perspective on strained germanium heterostructure engineering.

Tune, calibrate and mitigate crosstalk within the intermediate size subsets of a 64- qubit quantum processor

* Apply translationally invariant geometric tuning methods on the data from large-scale 64 qubit quantum system. Analyze the speed and efficiency of tuning using quality of the measured charge-stability diagrams as a figure of merit* Implement computer-aided qubit calibration on the full device to obtain target fidelities* Use simultaneous randomized benchmarking to measure the crosstalk and employ strategies developed for intermediate-scale system to minimize it

Other (2)

Digital pan-European course

a. Creation of a digital pan-European course on development and applications of germanium quantum technologies for professionals - (TUD, UCPH, IST, QDEVIL, POLIMI, IMEC, all)b. Facilitate the promotion of the training efforts by collaborating with European projects involved in quantum technology education and training, such as QTEdu CSA - (TUD)

Germanium workshop and conference

Also in month 30.Coordinating the organization of the Germanium Day in Austria (IST) and 'The germanium quantum information route' conference (UKON) together with all IGNITE WPs, an event to showcase the milestones and achievements of IGNITE - (UKON, IST, all)

Websites, patent fillings, videos etc. (1)

IGNITE website

Creation of IGNITE website: central platform for communication

Data Management Plan (1)

Data management plan

Elaboration of an efficient Data Management Plan

Pubblicazioni

Peer reviewed articles (21)

Coherent spin qubit shuttling through germanium quantum dots

Autori: Floor van Riggelen-Doelman, Chien-An Wang, Sander L. de Snoo, William I. L. Lawrie, Nico W. Hendrickx, Maximilian Rimbach-Russ, Amir Sammak, Giordano Scappucci, Corentin Déprez, Menno Veldhorst
Pubblicato in: Nature Communications, Numero 15, 2024, ISSN 2041-1723
Editore: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
DOI: 10.1038/S41467-024-49358-Y

Codebase release 1.1 for QDsim

Autori: Valentina Gualtieri; Charles Renshaw-Whitman; Vinicius Hernandes; Eliska Greplova
Pubblicato in: SciPost Physics Codebases, Numero 46-r1.1, 2025, ISSN 2949-804X
Editore: SciPost Foundation
DOI: 10.21468/SCIPOSTPHYSCODEB.46-R1.1

"Crosstalk analysis in single hole-spin qubits within highly anisotropic <mml:math xmlns:mml=""http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML""><mml:mi>g</mml:mi></mml:math> -tensors"

Autori: Yaser Hajati; Irina Heinz; Guido Burkard
Pubblicato in: Physical Review Research, Numero 2, 2025, ISSN 2643-1564
Editore: American Physical Society
DOI: 10.48550/ARXIV.2501.16464

Materials Science in Semiconductor Processing

Autori: Shimura, Yosuke; Godfrin, Clement; Hikavyy, Andriy; Li, Roy; Aguilera, Juan; Katsaros, Georgios; Favia, Paola; Han, Han; Wan, Danny; De Greve, Kristiaan; Loo, Roger
Pubblicato in: Materials Science in Semiconductor Processing, Numero 108231, 2024, ISSN 1369-8001
Editore: Pergamon Press
DOI: 10.1016/J.MSSP.2024.108231

Protocols to measure the non-Abelian Berry phase by pumping a spin qubit through a quantum-dot loop

Autori: Baksa Kolok and András Pályi
Pubblicato in: Physical Review B, Numero 109, 2024, ISSN 2469-9969
Editore: Purpose -led Publishing
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevB.109.045438

Electrically driven spin resonance with bichromatic driving

Autori: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.106.155412
Pubblicato in: Physical Review B, Numero 106, 2022, ISSN 2469-9969
Editore: Purpose-Led Publishing
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevB.106.155412

Bichromatic Rabi Control of Semiconductor Qubits

Autori: György, Chien-An Wang, Gábor Széchenyi, Floor van Riggelen-Doelman, William I. L. Lawrie, Nico W. Hendrickx, Amir Sammak, Giordano Scappucci, András Pályi, and Menno Veldhorst.
Pubblicato in: Physical Review Letters, Numero 132, 2024, ISSN 1079-7114
Editore: American Physical Society
DOI: 10.1103/PHYSREVLETT.132.067001

Compressively Strained Epitaxial Ge Layers for Quantum Computing Applications

Autori: Yosuke Shimura; Clement Godfrin; Andriy Hikavyy; Roy Li; Juan Aguilera; Georgios Katsaros; Paola Favia; Han Han; Danny Wan; Kristiaan De Greve; Roger Loo
Pubblicato in: ScienceDirect, Numero Volume 174, 108231, 2024, ISSN 1873-4081
Editore: Elsevier
DOI: 10.1016/j.mssp.2024.108231

A quantum dot in germanium proximitized by a superconductor

Autori: Lazar Lakic; William I. L. Lawrie; David van Driel; Lucas E. A. Stehouwer; Yao Su; Menno Veldhorst; Giordano Scappucci; Ferdinand Kuemmeth; Anasua Chatterjee
Pubblicato in: Nature Materials, Numero 24, 2025, ISSN 1476-4660
Editore: Nature Materials
DOI: 10.48550/ARXIV.2405.02013

Electrically driven spin resonance with bichromatic driving

Autori: György, Zoltán; Pályi, András; Széchenyi, Gábor
Pubblicato in: Physical Review B, Numero 106, 2022, ISSN 2469-9969
Editore: American Physical Society
DOI: 10.48550/ARXIV.2206.00399

Dynamic sweet spot of driven flopping-mode spin qubits in planar quantum dots

Autori: Yaser Hajati; Guido Burkard
Pubblicato in: Physical Review B, Numero 110, 2024, ISSN 2469-9969
Editore: American Physical Society
DOI: 10.1103/PHYSREVB.110.245301

Science

Autori: Chien-An Wang; Valentin John; Hanifa Tidjani; Cécile X. Yu; Alexander S. Ivlev; Corentin Déprez; Floor van Riggelen-Doelman; Benjamin D. Woods; Nico W. Hendrickx; William I. L. Lawrie; Lucas E. A. Stehouwer; Stefan D. Oosterhout; Amir Sammak; Mark Friesen; Giordano Scappucci; Sander L. de Snoo; Maximilian Rimbach-Russ; Francesco Borsoi; Menno Veldhorst
Pubblicato in: Science, Numero 6707, 2024, ISSN 0036-8075
Editore: American Association for the Advancement of Science
DOI: 10.48550/ARXIV.2402.18382

Protocols to measure the non-Abelian Berry phase by pumping a spin qubit through a quantum-dot loop

Autori: Kolok, Baksa; Pályi, András
Pubblicato in: Physical Review B, Numero 109, 2024, ISSN 2469-9969
Editore: American Physical Society
DOI: 10.48550/ARXIV.2308.05455

QDsim: A user-friendly toolbox for simulating large-scale quantum dot devices

Autori: Valentina Gualtieri; Charles Renshaw-Whitman; Vinicius Hernandes; Eliska Greplova
Pubblicato in: SciPost Physics Codebases, Numero 46, 2025, ISSN 2949-804X
Editore: SciPost Foundation
DOI: 10.48550/ARXIV.2404.02712

Physical Review X

Autori: Anantha S. Rao; Donovan Buterakos; Barnaby van Straaten; Valentin John; Cécile X. Yu; Stefan D. Oosterhout; Lucas Stehouwer; Giordano Scappucci; Menno Veldhorst; Francesco Borsoi; Justyna P. Zwolak
Pubblicato in: Physical Review X, Numero 15, 2025, ISSN 2160-3308
Editore: American Physical Society
DOI: 10.48550/ARXIV.2411.12516

Autonomous bootstrapping of quantum dot devices

Autori: Anton Zubchenko; Danielle Middlebrooks; Torbjørn Rasmussen; Lara Lausen; Ferdinand Kuemmeth; Anasua Chatterjee; Justyna P. Zwolak
Pubblicato in: Physical Review Applied, Numero 014072, 2025, ISSN 2331-7019
Editore: American Physical Society
DOI: 10.48550/ARXIV.2407.20061

Engineering Ge Profiles in Si/SiGe Heterostructures for Increased Valley Splitting

Autori: Lucas E. A. Stehouwer, Merrit P. Losert, Maia Rigot, Davide Degli Esposti, Sara Martí-Sánchez, Maximillian Rimbach-Russ, Jordi Arbiol, Mark Friesen, Giordano Scappucci
Pubblicato in: Nano Letters, Numero 25, 2025, ISSN 1530-6984
Editore: American Chemical Society (ACS)
DOI: 10.1021/ACS.NANOLETT.5C02848

Exploiting strained epitaxial germanium for scaling low-noise spin qubits at the micrometre scale

Autori: Lucas E. A. Stehouwer; Cécile X. Yu; Barnaby van Straaten; Alberto Tosato; Valentin John; Davide Degli Esposti; Asser Elsayed; Davide Costa; Stefan D. Oosterhout; Nico W. Hendrickx; Menno Veldhorst; Francesco Borsoi; Giordano Scappucci
Pubblicato in: Nature Materials, Numero 24, 2025, ISSN 1476-4660
Editore: Nature Materials
DOI: 10.1038/S41563-025-02276-W

Classification and magic magnetic field directions for spin-orbit-coupled double quantum dots

Autori: Valentin John, Francesco Borsoi, Nico W. Hendrickx, Giordano Scappucci, András Pályi, and Menno Veldhorst.
Pubblicato in: PHYSICAL REVIEW B, Numero 108, 2023, ISSN 2469-9950
Editore: American Physical Society
DOI: 10.1103/PHYSREVB.108.245406

Parity-conserving Cooper-pair transport and ideal superconducting diode in planar germanium

Autori: Menno Veldhorst, Andreas Pijpker, Francesco Borsoi, Zoltán György, D. Lane Smith, William I. L. Lawrie, Matteo Biondi, Nikolai A. Ziko, Amir Sammak, Giordano Scappucci
Pubblicato in: Nature Communications, Numero 169, 2024, ISSN 2041-1723
Editore: Nature Publishing Group
DOI: 10.1038/S41467-023-44114-0

A crossbar chip for benchmarking semiconductor spin qubits

Autori: Alberto Tosato, Asser Elsayed, Federico Poggiali, Lucas Erik Adriaan Stehouwer, Davide Costa, Karina Louise Hudson, Davide Degli Esposti, Giordano Scappucci
Pubblicato in: Nature Electronics, 2026, ISSN 2520-1131
Editore: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
DOI: 10.1038/S41928-026-01569-5