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Cohesin and its regulators: from chromosome dynamics and nuclear architecture to human diseases

Descripción del proyecto

Información sobre el papel de la cohesina en las enfermedades

Las cohesinopatías son un grupo de trastornos genéticos causados por mutaciones en genes que codifican subunidades o reguladores del complejo de la cohesina, que son fundamentales para la organización y el mantenimiento adecuados de los cromosomas durante la división celular, así como en la replicación y reparación del ADN. Sin embargo, se sabe poco sobre la patogenia de estas devastadoras enfermedades humanas. El objetivo del proyecto CohesiNet, financiado por las Acciones Marie Skłodowska-Curie, es investigar los mecanismos por los que actúa la cohesina y arrojar luz sobre las bases moleculares de las cohesinopatías. En el proyecto participa un equipo de doce estudiantes de doctorado que recibirán formación para abordar estas cuestiones científicas mediante métodos multidisciplinares. Los resultados del proyecto también pueden ser aplicables a varios tipos de cáncer, dada la presencia de mutaciones en los genes de la cohesina.

Objetivo

Cohesin is an evolutionarily conserved multi-protein complex that belongs to the structural maintenance of chromosomes protein family. It can topologically entrap DNA molecules mediating sister chromatid cohesion, a function important for accurate chromosome segregation and DNA replication/repair. It has been recently discovered that cohesin can generate and maintain DNA loops by an ATPase-dependent in cis DNA tethering activity, called loop-extrusion, critical for organising chromatin architecture and regulating gene transcription, and as such thought to be important for cell differentiation and development. However, the molecular mechanisms by which the cohesin complex achieve these key cellular functions remain to be elucidated.
Mutations in genes coding for cohesin and its regulators lead to a class of developmental disorders collectively called “cohesinopathies” and have been found in several types of cancer. Nonetheless, the pathogenesis of these devastating human diseases is poorly understood.
CohesiNet aims to answer outstanding questions in the field of cohesin biology by a highly innovative research programme. This consortium will investigate fundamental mechanisms on how cohesin acts during chromosomal cohesion and loop extrusion, identify regulatory modules of cohesin functions and get insights into the molecular bases of cohesin-related diseases. These ambitious goals will be achieved using multi-disciplinary hypothesis-driven and exploratory approaches while promoting a culture of communication and cooperation among academic and private institutions across the European Union. A team of ten PhD students will be trained by the CohesiNet consortium to address these scientific questions and be empowered with skills that will enhance their career perspectives, while experiencing first-hand the value of Open Science and the importance of inclusion, transparency, accessibility and integrity in scientific research.

Palabras clave

Coordinador

CONSIGLIO NAZIONALE DELLE RICERCHE
Aportación neta de la UEn
€ 518 875,20
Dirección
PIAZZALE ALDO MORO 7
00185 Roma
Italia

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Centro (IT) Lazio Roma
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Participantes (7)

Socios (12)