Descripción del proyecto
Apoyo a los inventarios de gases de efecto invernadero a través de observaciones atmosféricas
Un elemento fundamental del Acuerdo de París consiste en hacer un balance de las emisiones mundiales a través de inventarios nacionales de gases de efecto invernadero (INGEI). Aunque el Grupo Intergubernamental de Expertos sobre el Cambio Climático de las Naciones Unidas ha establecido procedimientos para documentar los INGEI, las estimaciones de las emisiones son dudosas debido a posibles errores y omisiones. Por ello, se ha recomendado emplear observaciones atmosféricas para verificar de forma independiente los INGEI. Sin embargo, los métodos para acometer esta labor son complejos y aún no han llegado al nivel de desarrollo que permita emplearlos para estimar de forma fiable las emisiones nacionales. El objetivo del proyecto EYE-CLIMA, financiado con fondos europeos, es desarrollar aún más estas metodologías para hacerlas más viables. Su equipo empleará teledetección por satélite y observaciones terrestres para desarrollar productos de datos de flujo personalizados y, de este modo, ayudar a los compiladores de los INGEI a determinar las emisiones con mayor precisión.
Objetivo
The Global Stocktake, and the success of the Paris Agreement, hinges on the information nations provide about their emissions through National Greenhouse Gas Inventories (NGHGIs). Current methodologies laid-out by the IPCC for reporting emissions are generally built around the use of statistical data and emission factors. Although they are designed to be transparent, they can have significant uncertainties owing to incomplete or inaccurate information. The 2019 refinement of the IPCC Guidelines highlights the need for independent verification of NGHGIs especially using atmospheric observations. However, the technical complexity and the hitherto limited resolving power of atmospheric constraints makes it challenging for NGHGI compilers to adopt this type of verification. EYE-CLIMA will address this need for independent verification by developing observation-based methods (using both satellite remote sensing and ground-based observations) to a level of readiness where they can be used to determine emissions at national and sub-national scales and for verification of NGHGIs. The methodology involves using process-based and data-driven models to simulate GHG fluxes, first without atmospheric observations, then these fluxes are then combined with models of atmospheric transport and chemistry to assimilate atmospheric observations, which are used to correct the first flux estimates. Through engagement with stakeholders, i.e. NGHGI compilers, EYE-CLIMA, will develop flux data products for CO2 (LULUCF sector), CH4, N2O, and emissions data of F-gases (SF6, HFC-23, HFC-143a, HFC-125, HFC-134a, HFC-32) and black carbon (BC), which will be tailored to their needs. The fluxes will be attributed to natural versus anthropogenic sources, and for the latter, to source sectors that can be compared with groups of IPCC sectors in NGHGIs. The methodology for the atmospheric inversions and how to use these for verification of NGHGIs will be described in best practice guidelines.
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HORIZON-RIA - HORIZON Research and Innovation ActionsCoordinador
2027 Kjeller
Noruega