Descripción del proyecto
Una caja de herramientas para la síntesis de carbaniones
Los carbaniones son iones orgánicos con carga negativa en un átomo de carbono. Los compuestos carbaniónicos son reactivos organometálicos importantes que se emplean con frecuencia como productos químicos intermedios. Su elevada reactividad y sensibilidad al aire y la humedad limitan el uso de carbaniones libres en diferentes campos químicos. El objetivo del proyecto CarbFunction, financiado por el Consejo Europeo de Investigación, es crear una caja de herramientas para el diseño de reactivos y catalizadores aniónicos inteligentes. A través de un cuidadoso diseño molecular, se controlará la reactividad de los carbaniones para posibilitar su uso como componentes básicos y grupos funcionales. Los carbaniones recién formados se probarán en diferentes aplicaciones, a saber: la estabilización de especies del grupo principal con propiedades electrónicas inusuales; el diseño de catalizadores bifuncionales con abundantes elementos de los bloques s y p, y la generación de aniones versátiles de coordinación débil.
Objetivo
Carbanionic compounds such as organolithium or Grignard reagents are important organometallic reagents and commonly used in organic synthesis for difficult deprotonation or C-C bond formation reactions. Due to the strongly polarized metal carbon bond these reagents are usually highly reactive and sensitive towards air and moisture and thus must be handled under strictly anhydrous conditions. Owing to this intrinsic reactivity, carbanionic compounds are usually only prepared in situ and scarcely applied beyond their classical use as strong bases or alkylation reagents. Free carbanions without stabilizing metal-carbon inter¬action are usually even more reactive but can be isolated when being stabilized by electron withdrawing groups. These naked carbanions are isoelectronic to simple amines. Yet, whereas amines are applied in various fields of chemistry not only as bases but also as versatile building blocks and functional groups, applications of free carbanions are very limited.
This project will change the perspective on carbanionic compounds. By careful molecular design the reactivity of carbanions will be controlled to enable their use as broadly applicable building blocks and functional groups. Experimental and computational methods will provide a fundamental understanding of the electronic structure and its influencing factors, thus allowing for a systematic use of the anionic nature and donor capacity of carbanions to reach properties and reactivities, which are not accessible via conventional strategies. Thus, we will provide a new toolbox for the design of smart anionic reagents and catalysts. The power of this concept will be demonstrated by applying carbanions in different research directions ranging from the stabilization of main group species with unusual electronic properties, to designing new bifunctional catalysts with abundant s- and p-block elements and the generation of versatile weakly coordinating anions.
Ámbito científico
Palabras clave
Programa(s)
- HORIZON.1.1 - European Research Council (ERC) Main Programme
Régimen de financiación
ERC - Support for frontier research (ERC)Institución de acogida
44801 Bochum
Alemania