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Modelling the chemiosmotic mode of ATP synthesis in protocells

Objectif

All modern organisms feature chemiosmosis (ion-motive-force driven processes, including membrane transport and ATP production), and therefore the Last Common Universal Ancestor (LUCA) is believed to be chemiosmotic; although contradictorily. As for chemiosmosis to happen, cells utilise membranes relatively impermeable to the coupling ion (H+ or Na+). It has previously been shown that, theoretically, LUCA could drive chemiosmosis using a geo-chemical H+-gradient but only if it had a leaky membrane. However, a leaky membrane rapidly achieves electrochemical equilibrium offsetting the
H+ influx. For the H+ influx, and therefore chemiosmosis, to continue, the membrane needs a system to pump H+.

Paradoxically, pumping H+ across a leaky membrane is futile. A potential solution has previously been hypothesised in the form of membranes leaky to H+ that harboured: an ATP-synthase coupled to both H+ and Na+, and an antiporter that pumps out Na+ for incoming H+. Such a Na+/H+ antiporter could convert the geochemical H+ gradient into a Na+-gradient. It would be advantageous to do so as a Na+-gradient could be better sustained by the LUCA membrane and could drive ATP production via the promiscuous ATP-synthase. My project aims at obtaining empiricalmvalidation for this hypothesis. To do so, a promiscuous ATP-synthase will be co-reconstituted, alongside a Na+/H+ antiporter, into fatty-acid-containing hybrid liposomes (made from fatty acids and other amphiphilic (phospho)lipids). Ion-gradients will be imposed on the liposomes by pH-jump or
decarboxylase-catalysed alkalisation methods to test whether the system could: a) convert the H+-gradient into a Na+-gradient via the Na+/H+ antiporter, and b) use the Na+- gradient to drive ATP production via the promiscuous ATP-synthase. This study is critical to understand the evolution of chemiosmotic systems and will have implications in evolutionary and synthetic biology as well as astrobiology.

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Mots‑clés

Programme(s)

Thème(s)

Régime de financement

HORIZON-TMA-MSCA-PF-EF - HORIZON TMA MSCA Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships

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Appel à propositions

(s’ouvre dans une nouvelle fenêtre) HORIZON-MSCA-2022-PF-01

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Coordinateur

RIJKSUNIVERSITEIT GRONINGEN
Contribution nette de l'UE
€ 187 624,32
Coût total
Aucune donnée