Description du projet
Des champignons in vitro innovants et adaptés pour assainir les sols
Les inocula de champignons mycorhiziens arbusculaires (CMA) sont des champignons symbiotiques produits à des fins commerciales pour améliorer la croissance des plantes et la santé des sols. À l’heure actuelle, la manière dont les CMA peuvent s’adapter à des environnements spécifiques n’est pas entièrement comprise. Dans ce contexte, le projet MYTUNETOOL, financé par l’UE, entend faire des CMA in vitro innovants un outil destiné aux environnements difficiles. Un système d’adaptation bien conçu facilitera l’adaptation des champignons à des environnements stressants et permettra leur production de masse. Les CMA peuvent ainsi servir d’outil d’assainissement des sols et de restauration écologique. Le projet sera principalement axé sur l’adaptation du Rhizophagus irregularis à la contamination par les métaux lourds et sur la compréhension des mécanismes moléculaires sous-jacents de cette adaptation.
Objectif
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are symbiotic fungi that improve plant productivity and plant survival in stress environments. AMF inocula are produced commercially and used to enhance plant growth and soil quality in agriculture and environmental restoration. A system is needed allowing AMF inocula to be tailor-made, providing AMF that are adapted or tolerant to given stressful environments. At present, this does not exist. It is also unknown how AMF can adapt to a given environment. The most advanced AMF mass production technique is an in vitro cultivation system. However, this system has not been developed into a tool allowing the production of AMF with a tolerance to a given environment. This project provides a novel way to build an in-vitro AMF adaptation TOOL that will adapt fungi to stress environments and that can then be mass produced for soil remediation. Increasing anthropogenic activities are the leading causes of soil damage. Soil is a precious resource and its renewal after contamination is extremely laborious and slow. In particular, many soils are heavy metal (HM) polluted. We will, therefore, adapt AMF to the most common heavy metal contaminants; namely, cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), copper (Cu) and Zinc (Zn). This project focuses on adapting the AMF species Rhizophagus irregularis to HM contamination and understand the adaptation mechanisms at molecular levels. The results will not only allow us to fill the scientific gaps regarding AMF adaptation to HM environments, and whether it is associated with genetic and epigenetic change, but also provide a possibility to obtain HM tolerant AMF that will be of great environmental and commercial value. Furthermore, this project will immediately allow the possibility of scaling-up to mass production. Moreover, the AMF adaptation TOOL will allow further expansion and implementation of this novel technology to other environments for future applications in agriculture and soil remediation.
Champ scientifique
- engineering and technologyenvironmental engineeringecosystem-based managementecological restoration
- natural scienceschemical sciencesinorganic chemistrytransition metals
- natural sciencesbiological sciencesmicrobiologymycology
- social scienceseconomics and businesseconomicsproduction economicsproductivity
- agricultural sciencesagriculture, forestry, and fisheriesagriculture
Mots‑clés
Programme(s)
- HORIZON.1.2 - Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions (MSCA) Main Programme
Régime de financement
HORIZON-TMA-MSCA-PF-GF - HORIZON TMA MSCA Postdoctoral Fellowships - Global FellowshipsCoordinateur
25243 Pruhonice
Tchéquie