Intimate Dispossession: The Afterlives of Plundered Jewish Personal Possessions in the Aftermath of the Holocaust

Descripción del proyecto

El saqueo de bienes judíos en la Europa Central y Oriental durante la Segunda Guerra Mundial

La investigación histórica se ha centrado sobre todo en la apropiación de bienes valiosos de la población judía por parte del Estado nazi. Sin embargo, poco se sabe sobre el destino de los objetos cotidianos que cambiaron de manos durante el Holocausto y su posterior uso en las pequeñas comunidades locales de Europa Central y Oriental. En este contexto, el proyecto PLUNDERED LIVES, financiado por el Consejo Europeo de Investigación, tiene por objeto documentar el saqueo generalizado de enseres domésticos, así como de bienes personales, por parte de la población no judía durante y después del Holocausto. Se investigará cómo la población no judía de ciudades judías de Europa Central y Oriental se apoderaban de los objetos personales de los judíos, les daban un nuevo uso y los malversaban. Su equipo evaluará el efecto que tuvo este saqueo en las comunidades de los beneficiarios y de las víctimas a través de las generaciones. Para ello, se estudiarán ocho comunidades situadas en tres unidades administrativas de Europa Central ocupadas por Alemania.

Objetivo

This project aims to write the history of the great plunder of small thingseveryday household objects, and personal items, including clothing, looted on a mass-scale by local non-Jews during, and in the aftermath of, the Holocaust. While historical research has focused on the top-down and centralized Nazi states takeover of Jewish financial assets, real estate, businesses, or art objects, we know nothing about the afterlives of unmarked objects of daily use that changed hands in the course of the Holocaust and continued being used for decades in the small local communities of East-Central Europe. The main objectives of the project are to document different modes of how Jewish personal possessions were appropriated by non-Jewish local populations of East-Central European shtetls; examine how they have been redeployed, adapted, and misused by their new owners; and assess the social and psychological trans-generational impact of this kind of plunder on the communities of both the beneficiaries and the victims. Breaking with the top-down view on Holocaust dispossession, this project focuses on eight microstudies of communities located in three different administrative units of German-occupied East-Central Europe. PLUNDERED LIVES novelty is in a combination of a microhistorical analysis with qualitative approaches of social studies and social psychology; extending the typical time frame (1939-1945) to include dispossession practices that continued after WWII; and experimental outreach strategies of digital crowdsourcing, curatorial interventions in public spaces, and cross-generational interviewing to elicit responses from the implicated communities and document hitherto inaccessible material in private possession. Highly interdisciplinary, PLUNDERED LIVES will open avenues for future research into the fields of genocide studies, anthropology of conflict, social psychology, economic history and forensic studies.