Innovative and sustainable carbon-based composites for high temperature sensible thermal energy storage

Descripción del proyecto

Materiales compuestos a base de carburo de calcio: almacenamiento sostenible de calor residual a alta temperatura

El almacenamiento de calor residual industrial para su uso como suministro sostenible de calor o para la producción de electricidad reduce el consumo de energía y las emisiones y apoya un modelo de economía circular. Asimismo, las soluciones asequibles permiten almacenar y recuperar calor de fuentes de baja temperatura. Sin embargo, escasean cuando se trata de las altas temperaturas asociadas a la energía solar concentrada y a las industrias de alto consumo energético. El equipo del proyecto pionero STOREHEAT, financiado por el Consejo Europeo de Investigación, pretende colmar esta laguna aprovechando unos compuestos únicos a base de carburo de calcio. Los estudios preliminares sugieren que dichos materiales pueden almacenar calor a temperaturas mucho más elevadas y que su producción requiere mucha menos energía y depende de recursos sostenibles.

Objetivo

Although affordable solutions exist to store and recover heat from low temperature sources, the high temperature ones (> 550 °C) such as the concentrated solar and waste heat from high temperature energy intensive industries remain challenging since efficient and affordable storage materials are scarce. The waste heat from these industries is huge and corresponds to 16% (122 Terawatt hours) of the total heat consumption/year in Europe.
STOREHEAT targets the investigation of an outstanding and novel family of High Storage Capacity materials, namely Calcium Carbide-based Composites (3C), for High Temperature Heat Storage. 3C is produced at much lower temperature (1000 – 1200 °C) than the current solutions (1800-2500 °C) based on silicon carbide (SiC) ceramics from fossil source (coke) mainly. 3C is synthesized by carbonization of calcium rich biochar and have not yet been mentioned in the literature neither for high temperature storage nor the mechanism of their formation explored. Preliminary synthesis attempts showed a high temperature storage capacity for 3C of 20% higher than that of SiC while consuming much less energy and using sustainable resources for its production. The scientific breakthrough lies on the counter-intuitive and pioneering approach proposed to combine and stabilize the hierarchical carbon and metal species both from biochar to take advantage of their respective high thermal conductivity and heat capacity at high temperature. This seemingly winning combination, key for effective heat storage has never been done before. To achieve this objective, I propose an ambitious research approach combining in-situ and dynamic experimental methods and modelling to unlock the mechanisms governing the chemical phases assemblage and stabilization of 3C. The storage performance will be evaluated and optimized.
The findings will push a way beyond the frontier of knowledge and broaden research opportunities in scientific communities interested in energy storage.