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Mapping the Virological Consequences of 5500 years of Domestication and Shifting Breeding Practices in Horses and Donkeys

Descrizione del progetto

Uno sguardo più attento all’allevamento e ai patogeni animali

Per migliaia di anni, l’agricoltura e la domesticazione hanno aumentato la vulnerabilità dell’uomo alle malattie. Tuttavia, si sa poco dell’impatto sulla salute degli animali domestici. Date le moderne preoccupazioni sulle pratiche di allevamento e i loro effetti sulla salute pubblica e animale, è fondamentale comprendere gli effetti a lungo termine della domesticazione e dell’allevamento sui patogeni animali. Sostenuto dal programma di azioni Marie Skłodowska-Curie (MSCA), il progetto VIRODOM intende analizzare l’antico DNA equino per scoprire le dinamiche evolutive dei patogeni virali. Facendo luce sulla storia delle malattie infettive e sulla loro diffusione, questa ricerca contribuirà a una comprensione completa della storia e dell’evoluzione di tali malattie, a beneficio della salute animale e umana.

Obiettivo

The emergence of animal domestication and farming practices during the last 10,000 years is thought to have enhanced humans' exposure to infectious diseases, but the consequences of these developments for the health of domesticated animals themselves have been largely overlooked. Understanding the long-term effects of domestication and breeding practices on the epidemiology and evolution of animal pathogens is yet of foremost importance given current concerns regarding modern farming practices and their impact on animal and public health. Recent major advances in sequencing and biomolecular techniques have allowed the recovery of rare and degraded DNA molecules from ancient biological samples, including those of pathogens which can persist in the remains of their hosts for millennia. Here, we will leverage a massive collection of ancient equine DNA (aDNA) libraries spanning more than 50,000 years to investigate the past epidemiological and evolutionary dynamics of DNA viruses in horses and donkeys from the earliest stages of domestication to modern days. An innovative approach will be implemented for the systematic enrichment of viral DNA in aDNA libraries prior to sequencing, to maximize viral detection sensitivity. Metagenomic analyses of resulting datasets will allow characterizing ancient equine viromes and their variations through time. Ancient viral sequences will be used for genomic and phylodynamic analyses to reconstruct past viral genomic changes, geographical spread and transmission dynamics. Inferred patterns will be interpreted in the light of detailed knowledge about horse and donkey's domestication and management history which has been generated in recent years. VIRODOM will provide major insights into the evolutionary history of important equine pathogens which remain understudied and contribute to the development of an integrative, One Health vision of infectious disease's history and evolution.

Campo scientifico (EuroSciVoc)

Parole chiave

Programma(i)

Argomento(i)

Meccanismo di finanziamento

HORIZON-TMA-MSCA-PF-EF - HORIZON TMA MSCA Postdoctoral Fellowships - European Fellowships

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(si apre in una nuova finestra) HORIZON-MSCA-2023-PF-01

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Coordinatore

CENTRE NATIONAL DE LA RECHERCHE SCIENTIFIQUE CNRS
Contributo netto dell'UE
€ 211 754,88
Indirizzo
RUE MICHEL ANGE 3
75794 Paris
Francia
Regione
Ile-de-France Ile-de-France Paris
Tipo di attività
Research Organisations
Collegamenti
Costo totale
Nessun dato