Project description
How viral enzymes drive infection and persistence
Noroviruses and enteroviruses are everywhere. They sweep through crowded spaces such as schools and offices, spreading fast and infecting millions each year. Even though they are among the world’s leading causes of gastrointestinal and respiratory illness, key gaps remain in scientific understanding. Researchers know that both virus families rely on the same enzyme to replicate inside human cells, but how it functions remains unclear. The ERC-funded PicAAA project aims to use advanced imaging and molecular tools to uncover how the enzyme works. This knowledge could strengthen efforts to prevent and control future outbreaks.
Objective
Noroviruses (NoVs) and enteroviruses (EVs) cause numerous gastrointestinal and respiratory infections. Their contagious nature and high mutation rates can lead to the emergence of new pathogenic strains. Understanding these viruses is crucial for controlling outbreaks and to maintain global health. Both NoVs and EVs are members of the order Picornavirales and share commonalities in their replication strategies. Their positive-strand RNA genomes encode non-structural proteins (NSPs) that exploit host cells to create membranous replication organelles for genome replication and virion formation. The most enigmatic NSP encoded by these viruses is a AAA+ ATPase (NoV NS3 and EV 2C). These enzymes have many proposed roles in the virus lifecycle, such as RNA helicase/chaperone activity, membrane rearrangement, and genome encapsidation. However, their structure and the molecular basis for their diverse activities are poorly understood due to challenges in producing stable and soluble complexes for structural analysis and the lack of tools to accurately visualize NSPs in a cellular context. Drawing from my decade-long experience in structural virology and recent success in engineering soluble AAA+ ATPases, I aim to unravel the multiple functions of NoV NS3 and EV 2C. Specifically, I will: 1) Decipher the structure-function relationship of these enzymes through single-particle cryo-electron microscopy analysis of the nucleotide and RNA-bound complexes. 2) Create a toolkit of small molecules and nanobodies to investigate the functional sites in NS3. 3) Utilize cryo-electron tomography to visualise NS3 and 2C in infected cells, guided by genetically encoded tags developed in this project. Collectively, the results of this project will provide new mechanistic insights into the functions that NoV and EV AAA+ ATPases carry out during the viral lifecycle and pave the way for the development of novel antiviral compounds capable of inhibiting these functionally indispensable enzymes.
Fields of science (EuroSciVoc)
CORDIS classifies projects with EuroSciVoc, a multilingual taxonomy of fields of science, through a semi-automatic process based on NLP techniques. See: The European Science Vocabulary.
CORDIS classifies projects with EuroSciVoc, a multilingual taxonomy of fields of science, through a semi-automatic process based on NLP techniques. See: The European Science Vocabulary.
- natural sciences biological sciences microbiology virology
- natural sciences biological sciences genetics mutation
- natural sciences biological sciences genetics RNA
- natural sciences biological sciences genetics genomes
- natural sciences biological sciences biochemistry biomolecules proteins enzymes
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Keywords
Project’s keywords as indicated by the project coordinator. Not to be confused with the EuroSciVoc taxonomy (Fields of science)
Project’s keywords as indicated by the project coordinator. Not to be confused with the EuroSciVoc taxonomy (Fields of science)
Programme(s)
Multi-annual funding programmes that define the EU’s priorities for research and innovation.
Multi-annual funding programmes that define the EU’s priorities for research and innovation.
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HORIZON.1.1 - European Research Council (ERC)
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Calls for proposals are divided into topics. A topic defines a specific subject or area for which applicants can submit proposals. The description of a topic comprises its specific scope and the expected impact of the funded project.
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Funding scheme (or “Type of Action”) inside a programme with common features. It specifies: the scope of what is funded; the reimbursement rate; specific evaluation criteria to qualify for funding; and the use of simplified forms of costs like lump sums.
HORIZON-ERC - HORIZON ERC Grants
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Call for proposal
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(opens in new window) ERC-2024-STG
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3584 CS Utrecht
Netherlands
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