Project description
Geometry and material breakthroughs could advance third-generation solar cells
Third-generation solar cells aim to improve efficiency and reduce production costs compared with their predecessors, making solar energy more accessible and competitive with traditional energy sources. The ERC-funded SOLACYLIN project will advance understanding of third-generation photovoltaic systems by creating stacked materials with well-defined, tuneable, nanocylindrical geometry. Researchers will utilise ordered anodic porous oxides and atomic layer deposition to create these stacks. Furthermore, novel surface reaction schemes for functional materials with tailored physical and chemical properties will be investigated. Ultimately, researchers will optimise interface quality and assess the electrical and photovoltaic performance of p-i-n junctions. By analysing how photovoltaic parameters depend on individual layer thickness and cylinder length, they could enhance understanding of efficiency limitations and suggest improvements in solar cell technology.
Objective
The ERC Consolidator Grant project SOLACYLIN aims at providing experimental insight into the function of 'third-generation' photovoltaic systems by generating materials stacks structured in a well-defined, accurately tunable, nanocylindrical geometry.
To this goal, we will develop and exploit advanced preparative methods based on two fundamental ingredients: (a) ordered 'anodic' porous oxides and (b) atomic layer deposition (ALD). The former solids will be generated as templates providing ordered arrays of straight, cyclindrical pores, the diameter and length of which can be varied between 20 nm and 300 nm and between 0.5 microns and 50 microns, respectively. The latter method will be used to coat the inner pore walls with one or several layers of the photovoltaic stack, each with a thickness set to values chosen between 1 nm and 30 nm.
We will invent and characterize novel surface reaction schemes for the deposition in ALD mode (from the gas phase and from solutions) of functional materials (doped semiconductors and intrinsic light absorbers) with tailored chemical and physical properties. We will investigate the experimental conditions in which they can be combined in a way that optimizes the quality of their interfaces.
Finally, we will quantify the electrical and photovoltaic performance of p-i-n junctions prepared with our methods. We will have the unique capability of describing in a systematic, accurate manner how the experimental photovoltaic parameters depend on the individual thicknesses of the individual layers and on the length of the cylinders. This direct experimental handle on the amount of light absorbed, on the one hand, and the charge carrier transport distances to the electrical contacts, on the other hand, will be correlated with the relevant material parameters (absorption coefficients, carrier mobilities). This information will unveil the phenomena limiting the efficiency of each type of solar cell, and suggest avenues to remedy them.
Fields of science
- engineering and technologymaterials engineeringcoating and films
- engineering and technologyelectrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineeringelectronic engineeringsensors
- natural sciencesphysical scienceselectromagnetism and electronicssemiconductivity
- natural sciencesmathematicspure mathematicsgeometry
- engineering and technologyenvironmental engineeringenergy and fuelsrenewable energysolar energyphotovoltaic
Programme(s)
Funding Scheme
ERC-COG - Consolidator GrantHost institution
91054 Erlangen
Germany