Description du projet
Un regard plus approfondi sur la santé, les handicaps et la mortalité chez les adultes
Les progrès réalisés dans notre compréhension des mécanismes épigénétiques permettront de faire la lumière sur les voies reliant les expositions précoces et la santé des adultes présentant un handicap. En retour, cela transformera notre compréhension des maladies humaines et permettra de faire le lien entre la santé des populations, l’épigénétique et la biologie du développement et de l’évolution. Dans ce contexte, le projet ECHO, financé par l’UE, proposera de nouveaux modèles démographiques formels de santé, de handicap et de mortalité. Il permettra de tester empiriquement les prévisions dans le nouveau concept des «origines développementales de la santé et de la maladie chez les adultes» (DOHaD) à l’aide de données démographiques. Le projet testera également un modèle de microsimulation pour vérifier les prévisions du DOHaD concernant l’obésité et le diabète de type 2 (DT2). Enfin, il étudiera la santé, les handicaps et la mortalité chez les adultes liés aux relations entre les maladies précoces, l’obésité et le DT2.
Objectif
This project aims to reformulate and generalize standard theories of human health and mortality. It proposes new formal models and a systematic agenda to empirically test hypotheses that link developmental biology, epigenetics and adult human illness, disability and mortality. We seek to break new ground developing innovative formal models for illnesses and mortality, testing new hypotheses about the evolution of human health and, to the extent permitted by findings, reformulating standard theories to make them applicable to a less restrictive segment of populations than they are now. Over the past two decades there has been massive growth of research on the nature of delayed adult effects of conditions experienced in early life. This field of research is known as the Developmental Origins of Adult Health and Disease (DOHaD). Increasing evidence suggests that the mechanisms that are implicated are epigenetic and constitute an evolved adaptation selected over thousands of years to improve fitness in changing landscapes. The emergence of DOHaD is as close as we will ever come to a paradigmatic shift in the study of human health, disability and mortality. The most tantalizing possibility is that advances in our understanding of epigenetic mechanisms will shed light on pathways linking early exposures and delayed adult health thus fundamentally transforming our understanding of human illnesses and, in one fell swoop, bridge population health, epigenetics, and developmental and evolutionary biology. The overarching goal of this project is to contribute to this nascent area of study by (a) proposing new formal demographic models of health, disability and mortality; (b) empirically testing DOHaD predictions with population data; (c) testing a microsimulation model to verify DOHaD predictions about two conditions, obesity and Type 2 Diabetes, and (d) assessing the adult health, disability and mortality toll implicated by relations between early conditions, obesity and T2D.
Champ scientifique
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ERC-ADG - Advanced GrantInstitution d’accueil
28006 Madrid
Espagne