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Efficient 5G Localization, Tracking, and Environment Mapping for Systems of Autonomous Vehicles

Periodic Reporting for period 1 - 5GTRACK (Efficient 5G Localization, Tracking, and Environment Mapping for Systems of Autonomous Vehicles)

Periodo di rendicontazione: 2019-09-01 al 2021-08-31

The automobile industry is fast moving towards commercializing autonomous vehicles (AV) after 2020. An important component of AVs is localization; a process by which the location of an AV is estimated, for which the industry is relying on high cost and computationally expensive technologies.
5GTrack aims at filling this gap by devising localization methods using 5G and beyond 5G communication technologies, which have the potential to provide cm-level accuracy. Since AVs will be equipped with 5G communication technology anyway, integrating localization with 5G communication would provide a cost-effective and accurate localization solution.
In close interaction with local industry, the objective of 5GTrack is, firstly, to provide an integrated low-cost high-accuracy localization and tracking solution for near-static and highly-dynamic scenarios with a max error of 20 cm to serve vehicles, infrastructure, and vulnerable road users. Secondly, based on the reflective and scattering nature of the mmWave channel, 5GTrack also investigates methods of environment sensing to create a map of the vehicle surrounds that can be stored for future use.

5GTrack has 3 WPs, each will be achieved in 3 steps: 1) Modeling and performance requirement that will be discussed with the relevant industry, 2) theoretical analysis and 3) validation via computer simulation.

Hosted by a highly dynamic, international, and intellectually stimulating department, 5GTrack will provide the ER with a great opportunity to interact with world-class industrial partners, who work on cutting edge vehicular and communication technologies. This will boost his market competitiveness in a domain that will witness high growth in the future by giving him hands-on experience in the industrial requirements and methodology, as well as relevant software packages. It will also give the ER an opportunity to lead and industrial and academic innovation and patenting process.
This report covers a period of form months. During this period, the ER conducted a literature survey on 5G and beyond 5G communication technology and focused on the reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RIS) as a potential enabler for high accuracy localization. RISs are made of special material whose characteristics could be changed to enable variable response to incident electromagnetic waves, hence flexible new reflection relationships could be harnessed to build intelligent transmitters and receivers. RIS are relatively large in size and can potentially be used to cover building walls. So, in the context of vehicular positioning, they enable near field localization.

Following the literature survey, the ER conducted a performance boundary study using the well known Fisher information analysis tools and the over all results confirm that RISs provide the capability to estimate the position of a vehicle with less than a meter of error. However, there are some practical challenge related to the operation of the RISs themselves, e.g. their relatively slow responsiveness and intricate phase design.
The project was terminated prematurely after 4 months and hence, hard to measure impacts. However, the potential impact of this project would include being one of the very first projects to study RISs in the context of vehicular positioning. The outcome so far has been disseminated in a conference paper submitted to one of the most world-renowned conferences in the field, IEEE International Conference on Communication.
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