Description du projet
Des pérovskites performantes et respectueuses de l’environnement
L’énergie électrique produite à partir de combustibles fossiles est responsable de la plus grande part des émissions de carbone, ce qui menace les ambitions sans carbone de l’UE. L’énergie solaire est apparue comme une alternative: disponible à l’échelle mondiale, elle est directement convertie en énergie électrique grâce à des cellules solaires photovoltaïques. Les cellules solaires les plus efficaces sont conçues à partir de pérovskites halogénées, des matériaux semi-conducteurs cristallins qui absorbent de grandes quantités d’énergie solaire et génèrent une charge électrique efficace. Le projet FREENERGY, financé par l’UE, vise à modifier la conception de la pérovskite halogénée pour en faire un matériau photovoltaïque respectueux de l’environnement, sous la forme d’une cellule solaire pérovskite à base d’étain présentant une grande capacité de conversion de l’énergie et une stabilité à long terme. FREENERGY proposera ces cellules comme alternative aux cellules actuelles à base de plomb, et définira une méthode sans solvant pour préparer la pérovskite.
Objectif
Achieving zero net carbon emissions by the end of the century is the challenge for capping global warming. The largest share of carbon emissions belongs to the production of electric energy from fossil fuels, which renewable energies are progressively replacing. Sunlight is an ideal renewable energy source since it is most abundant and available worldwide. Photovoltaic solar cells can directly convert the sunlight into electric energy by making use of the photovoltaic effect in semiconductors. Halide perovskites are emerging crystalline semiconducting materials with among the strongest light absorption and the most effective electric charge generation needed to design the highest efficient photovoltaic solar cells. The PI has the ambition to reinvent halide perovskites as environmentally friendly photovoltaic material, aiming at:
(i) Removing lead: state-of-the-art perovskite solar cells are based on lead, which is in the list of hazardous substances of the European Union. The PI will prepare new tin-based perovskites and prove them in the highest efficient solar cells.
(ii) Solvent-free crystallisation: organic solvents drive the crystallisation of the perovskite in the most efficient solar cells. However, crystallising the perovskite without using solvents is more environmentally friendly. The PI will establish physical vapour deposition as a solvent-free method for preparing the perovskite and the other materials comprising the solar cell.
(iii) Durable power output: the long-term power output defines the solar energy yield and thus the return on investment. The PI aims to make stable tin-based perovskites addressing the oxidative instability of tin directly.
The quantified target of FREENERGY is demonstrating a tin-based perovskite solar cell with power conversion efficiency over 20% and stability for 25 years. The research strategy to enable this disruptive outcome comprises innovative perovskites formulations and unconventional supramolecular interactions
Champ scientifique
- engineering and technologyelectrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineeringelectrical engineeringelectric energy
- natural scienceschemical sciencesinorganic chemistrypost-transition metals
- natural sciencesphysical scienceselectromagnetism and electronicssemiconductivity
- engineering and technologyenvironmental engineeringenergy and fuelsenergy conversion
- engineering and technologyenvironmental engineeringenergy and fuelsrenewable energysolar energyphotovoltaic
Programme(s)
Thème(s)
Régime de financement
ERC-STG - Starting GrantInstitution d’accueil
14109 Berlin
Allemagne