Projektbeschreibung
Umweltfreundliche und effiziente Perowskite
Aus fossilen Brennstoffen erzeugte elektrische Energie ist für den höchsten Anteil der CO2-Emissionen verantwortlich und gefährdet somit das Ziel der EU von Null CO2-Emissionen. Als Alternative hat sich die Solarenergie herausgestellt: Sie ist weltweit verfügbar und wird durch Photovoltaik-Solarzellen direkt in elektrische Energie umgewandelt. Die effizientesten Solarzellen bestehen aus Halogenid-Perowskiten, kristallinen Halbleitermaterialien, die große Mengen an Sonnenenergie absorbieren und eine effektive elektrische Ladung erzeugen. Das EU-finanzierte Projekt FREENERGY will Halogenid-Perowskit als umweltfreundliches Photovoltaik-Material in Form einer Perowskit-Solarzelle auf Zinnbasis mit hoher Energieumwandlungskapazität und Langzeitstabilität neu gestalten. FREENERGY wird diese Zellen als Alternative zu den bestehenden Zellen auf Bleibasis vorschlagen und eine lösungsmittelfreie Methode zur Herstellung des Perowskits entwickeln.
Ziel
Achieving zero net carbon emissions by the end of the century is the challenge for capping global warming. The largest share of carbon emissions belongs to the production of electric energy from fossil fuels, which renewable energies are progressively replacing. Sunlight is an ideal renewable energy source since it is most abundant and available worldwide. Photovoltaic solar cells can directly convert the sunlight into electric energy by making use of the photovoltaic effect in semiconductors. Halide perovskites are emerging crystalline semiconducting materials with among the strongest light absorption and the most effective electric charge generation needed to design the highest efficient photovoltaic solar cells. The PI has the ambition to reinvent halide perovskites as environmentally friendly photovoltaic material, aiming at:
(i) Removing lead: state-of-the-art perovskite solar cells are based on lead, which is in the list of hazardous substances of the European Union. The PI will prepare new tin-based perovskites and prove them in the highest efficient solar cells.
(ii) Solvent-free crystallisation: organic solvents drive the crystallisation of the perovskite in the most efficient solar cells. However, crystallising the perovskite without using solvents is more environmentally friendly. The PI will establish physical vapour deposition as a solvent-free method for preparing the perovskite and the other materials comprising the solar cell.
(iii) Durable power output: the long-term power output defines the solar energy yield and thus the return on investment. The PI aims to make stable tin-based perovskites addressing the oxidative instability of tin directly.
The quantified target of FREENERGY is demonstrating a tin-based perovskite solar cell with power conversion efficiency over 20% and stability for 25 years. The research strategy to enable this disruptive outcome comprises innovative perovskites formulations and unconventional supramolecular interactions
Wissenschaftliches Gebiet
- engineering and technologyelectrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineeringelectrical engineeringelectric energy
- natural scienceschemical sciencesinorganic chemistrypost-transition metals
- natural sciencesphysical scienceselectromagnetism and electronicssemiconductivity
- engineering and technologyenvironmental engineeringenergy and fuelsenergy conversion
- engineering and technologyenvironmental engineeringenergy and fuelsrenewable energysolar energyphotovoltaic
Programm/Programme
Thema/Themen
Finanzierungsplan
ERC-STG - Starting GrantGastgebende Einrichtung
14109 Berlin
Deutschland