Descripción del proyecto
Perovskitas eficaces y respetuosas con el medio ambiente
La energía eléctrica producida a partir de combustibles fósiles es responsable de la mayor parte de las emisiones de carbono que ponen en riesgo los objetivos de emisiones cero de la Unión Europea. La energía solar se ha posicionado como una alternativa gracias a su disponibilidad ubicua y a que es capaz de transformarse directamente en energía eléctrica a través de las celdas fotovoltaicas. Las celdas fotovoltaicas más eficaces están diseñadas con perovskitas de haluro, materiales semiconductores cristalinos que absorben grandes cantidades de energía solar y generan una carga eléctrica efectiva. El objetivo del proyecto financiado con fondos europeos FREENERGY es rediseñar la perovskita de haluro como un material fotovoltaico respetuoso con el medio ambiente en forma de una celda fotovoltaica de perovskita a base de estaño con una alta capacidad de conversión de energía y estabilidad a largo plazo. FREENERGY propondrá estas células como una alternativa a las existentes basadas en plomo, y establecerá un método sin disolventes para preparar la perovskita.
Objetivo
Achieving zero net carbon emissions by the end of the century is the challenge for capping global warming. The largest share of carbon emissions belongs to the production of electric energy from fossil fuels, which renewable energies are progressively replacing. Sunlight is an ideal renewable energy source since it is most abundant and available worldwide. Photovoltaic solar cells can directly convert the sunlight into electric energy by making use of the photovoltaic effect in semiconductors. Halide perovskites are emerging crystalline semiconducting materials with among the strongest light absorption and the most effective electric charge generation needed to design the highest efficient photovoltaic solar cells. The PI has the ambition to reinvent halide perovskites as environmentally friendly photovoltaic material, aiming at:
(i) Removing lead: state-of-the-art perovskite solar cells are based on lead, which is in the list of hazardous substances of the European Union. The PI will prepare new tin-based perovskites and prove them in the highest efficient solar cells.
(ii) Solvent-free crystallisation: organic solvents drive the crystallisation of the perovskite in the most efficient solar cells. However, crystallising the perovskite without using solvents is more environmentally friendly. The PI will establish physical vapour deposition as a solvent-free method for preparing the perovskite and the other materials comprising the solar cell.
(iii) Durable power output: the long-term power output defines the solar energy yield and thus the return on investment. The PI aims to make stable tin-based perovskites addressing the oxidative instability of tin directly.
The quantified target of FREENERGY is demonstrating a tin-based perovskite solar cell with power conversion efficiency over 20% and stability for 25 years. The research strategy to enable this disruptive outcome comprises innovative perovskites formulations and unconventional supramolecular interactions
Ámbito científico
- engineering and technologyelectrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineeringelectrical engineeringelectric energy
- natural scienceschemical sciencesinorganic chemistrypost-transition metals
- natural sciencesphysical scienceselectromagnetism and electronicssemiconductivity
- engineering and technologyenvironmental engineeringenergy and fuelsenergy conversion
- engineering and technologyenvironmental engineeringenergy and fuelsrenewable energysolar energyphotovoltaic
Programa(s)
Régimen de financiación
ERC-STG - Starting GrantInstitución de acogida
14109 Berlin
Alemania