Intergroup Contact in Virtual Reality: Comparative Effects of Two Contact Strategies on Reducing Prejudice and Increasing Trust Between Catholics and Protestants in Northern Ireland

Description du projet

Faire le lien virtuellement entre les catholiques et les protestants

La réalité virtuelle (RV) a été conçue dans un premier temps pour créer des jeux vidéo plus immersifs, mais la technologie s’est répandue à un éventail d’industries et de secteurs différents. Allant du lieu de travail jusqu’à la salle de classe, la RV pourrait bientôt trouver une nouvelle mission dans le domaine de la réduction des conflits entre groupes. Ce projet est fondé sur l’hypothèse du contact, suggérant que le contact entre groupes réduit efficacement les préjugés entre les membres de groupes minoritaires et majoritaires. Le projet contactVIRT, financé par l’UE, testera son hypothèse à l’aide de la technologie de RV en Irlande du Nord. Les catholiques et les protestants ayant des contacts relativement limités avec des membres en dehors de leur propre groupe, le projet testera si le contact en RV favorise la confiance entre ces deux groupes.

Objectif

Intergroup contact is widely recognised among social scientists as a means to overcome prejudice between social groups. However, contact is less likely to occur in highly segregated contexts such as the post-conflict society of Northern Ireland, where Catholics and Protestants grow with relatively scarce contact with members outside their own group. Faced with this scenario, scholars have examined computer-mediated contact with relatively successful outcomes. Although virtual reality (VR) technologies have been less fully explored in this respect, it offers great potential for contact by way of avatar communication in a safe environment. The scarce literature in this area has associated VR interactions with empathy and trust towards outgroups. These effects derive mainly from two strategies: perspective taking (e.g. making users to adopt an outgroup avatar), and recategorisation (e.g. inducing an inclusive-superordinate identity among ingroup/outgroup members). Conversely, the mechanisms by which VR-contact may be effective are less clear as other similar studies have obtained mixed results. A potential confusion in the effects produced by avatar customization (similarity identification, embodiment), and the relevance of the primed superordinate identity (transient or lasting) for group members, seem to affect contact outcomes. This proposal has a primary objective of testing the effectiveness of VR-contact in reducing prejudice and promoting trust between members of the Catholic and Protestant communities in Northern Ireland. Specifically, this research will compare the relative strengths of perspective taking versus recategorisation, evaluate the mechanisms of avatar customization, and advance a research framework of contact in VR environments for successful contact effects. Hence, this research will extend the field by producing theoretical advances in an innovative area which combines communication technologies and intergroup contact.