Personality in Community Ecology Responses: Integrating the behaviour and species interactions of a marine invader

Projektbeschreibung

Welche Rolle spielen unterschiedliche Tierpersönlichkeiten in Ökosystemen?

Verhaltensunterschiede bei Individuen derselben Tierart haben einen erheblichen Einfluss auf die trophischen Interaktionen und Dynamik des Ökosystems. Allerdings wurde dieser Faktor bisher nicht untersucht. Das EU-finanzierte Projekt PinCER wird die Schwarzmund-Grundel (Neogobius melanostomusals), einen invasiven Fisch in der Ostsee und den europäischen Fließgewässern, als Studienobjekt nutzen und damit seinen Einfluss auf die evolutionären und ökologischen Prozesse untersuchen. Dabei wird sich PinCER vor allem auf die Quantifizierung der Verbindungen zwischen der Persönlichkeit und Ernährung, Trophiestufe und dem körperlichen Zustand einzelner Tiere konzentrieren. Außerdem plant das Projekt, Daten für ein nachhaltigeres Ökosystemmanagement hervorzubringen.

Ziel

Consistent behavioural variation between individuals of the same species (i.e. animal personality) is very common in animals, from mammals to fish and insects. Personality types like boldness/shyness can change how the individual interacts with its environment, e.g. the outcome of predator-prey interactions. However, the effects of widespread personality variability on ecosystems is relatively unexplored. Recent work shows that personality variability can alter the nature of trophic interactions between species and potentially contribute to ecosystem stability. Therefore, PinCER will investigate animal personality as a functional trait, quantifying links between personality (e.g. boldness, exploration etc.) and diet, trophic position and body condition in individual animals. By quantifying the degree that personality variability translates to functional diversity in food webs, PinCER will provide unprecedented insights into the effects of personality on ecosystems. Building on the experimental work, a review paper will also investigate existing empirical literature on behavioural variability’s role in species interactions.

Experimental work will focus on the round goby (Neogobius melanostomus), analysing the links between personality and trophic interactions across an ecological invasion gradient. The round goby is an invasive fish in the Baltic Sea and European inlet waters and a proven study subject for behavioural research. Results will also have management implications, giving highly focused individual data on the species’ impacts on Baltic Sea communities. A full-time secondment in the Baltic Marine Environment Protection Commission (Helsinki Commission) will focus on invasive species policy (management of ship-mediated introductions of non-indigenous species, e.g. the round goby) enhancing my training and career prospects. As such, PinCER will advance behavioural and community ecology, meet my skill acquisition needs and produce data for ecosystem management.