Descrizione del progetto
«Fotosintesi» di carburanti su scala industriale, un modo naturale per proteggere l’ambiente
Un ottimo modo per ridurre l’anidride carbonica nell’atmosfera è quello di catturarla e convertirla in altre sostanze chimiche a base di carbonio e in carburanti ad alto valore. L’elettroriduzione di CO2, ovvero la riduzione dell’anidride carbonica con l’elettricità, è una delle tecniche più promettenti, in particolare quando tale elettricità è prodotta da fonti di energia rinnovabile. Il progetto CF-CO2R, finanziato dall’UE, sta affrontando le sfide presentate dagli attuali elettrocatalizzatori attraverso una serie combinata di esperimenti e modellizzazione. Elettrocatalizzatori altamente efficienti permetteranno l’elettroriduzione di CO2 per soddisfare i requisiti dell’implementazione industriale con benefici sia per l’ambiente che per la competitività dell’UE.
Obiettivo
In the light of rising levels of atmospheric CO2 and associated climate change, the development of advanced techniques for CO2 conversion is of foremost importance. Particularly, many efforts have been made recently to synthesize efficient electrocatalysts for CO2 reduction to carbon fuels using renewable electricity. Nevertheless, to meet the requirement of industrial implementation, even the best performance of these recently developed electrocatalysts must be increased by one order of magnitude. Currently, energy efficiency of CO2 electroreduction is limited by energy-loss in catholyte and transport of CO2 to the cathode surface. The importance of transport limitations will grow as currents approach the higher levels required for industry. The vision for this work is the design of an efficient catholyte-free electrode structure and reactor, in combination with state-of-the-art photovoltaic, that can provide for the industry-ready artificial photosynthesis of carbon fuels. To achieve this goal, we will be dedicated to develop a membrane electrode assembly cell with the design of a catholyte-free flow-through-porous electrode which will allow the incorporation of newly types of nanostructured electrocatalysts and efficient CO2 transfer and conversion into specific carbon fuels such as ethylene or ethanol. Particularly, the proposed research aims include: (i) Development of efficient electrocatalysts that allow the formation of ideal products (ethylene/ethanol); (ii) Enhancement of electrocatalytic activity and stability via system engineering; (iii) Understanding the fundamentals of CO2 electroreduction and cell mechanics to accelerate the development of catholyte-free flow-through-porous electrode for the design of a scalable, high-performance CO2 electroconversion cell through both experiments and theoretical modeling; (iv) Achieving the scalable solar fuels production with CO2 reduction and photovoltaic in tandem.
Campo scientifico
- natural scienceschemical sciencescatalysiselectrocatalysis
- natural scienceschemical sciencesorganic chemistryalcohols
- natural scienceschemical sciencesorganic chemistryaliphatic compounds
- engineering and technologyenvironmental engineeringenergy and fuels
- natural sciencesearth and related environmental sciencesatmospheric sciencesclimatologyclimatic changes
Programma(i)
Argomento(i)
Meccanismo di finanziamento
MSCA-IF-EF-ST - Standard EFCoordinatore
1015 Lausanne
Svizzera